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Mulrow C, Lawrence V, Jacobs B, et al. Milk thistle: effects on liver disease and cirrhosis and clinical adverse effects. Evid Rep Technol Assess Summ. Najm W, Lie D. Dietary supplements commonly used for prevention.

Polyak SJ, Oberlies NH, Pecheur EI, Dahari H, Ferenci P, Pawlotsky JM. Silymarin for HCV infection. Antivir Ther. Ramasamy K, Agarwal R. Multitargeted therapy of cancer by silymarin. Cancer Lett. Rambaldi A, Jacobs BP, Iaquinto G, Gluud C. Am J Gastroenterol. Rotblatt M, Ziment I.

Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine. Sadava D, Kane SE. Silibinin reverses drug resistance in human small-cell lung carcinoma cells. Saller R, Brignoli R, Melzer J, Meier R. An updated systematic review with meta-analysis for the clinical evidence of silymarin.

Forsch Komplementmed. Siegel A, Stebbing J. Milk thistle: early seeds of potential. Lancet Oncol. Vaid M, Katiyar SK. Molecular mechanisms of inhibition of photocarcinogenesis by silymarin, a phytochemical from milk thistle Silybum marianum L.

Int J Oncol. Wu JW, Lin LC, Tsai TH. Drug-drug interactions of silymarin on the perspective of pharmacokinetics.

J Ehtnopharmacol. Yu HC, Chen LJ, Cheng KC, Li YX, Yeh CH, Cheng JT. Silymarin inhibits cervical cancer cell through an increase of phosphatase and tensin homolog. Phytother Res. Zielinska-Przyjemska M, Wiktorowicz K. An in vitro study of the protective effect of the flavonoid silydianin against reactive oxygen species.

Share Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Home Health Library. Milk thistle Silybum marianum; St. Mary's thistle. Plant Description Milk thistle is native to the Mediterranean region. What's It Made Of? Available Forms Capsules of standardized dried herb each capsule contains about mg to mg of silymarin Liquid extract Tincture Silymarin phosphatidylcholine complex A few studies show that a silymarin-phosphatidylcholine complex may be absorbed more easily than regular standardized milk thistle.

How to Take It Pediatric There are no studies showing whether or not it is safe to give milk thistle to a child. Adult If you think you have a liver problem, you should see a doctor. Precautions The use of herbs is a time-honored approach to strengthening the body and treating disease.

Milk thistle is generally regarded as safe. Side effects are usually mild and may involve: Stomach upset Diarrhea Nausea and vomiting Rash from touching milk thistle plants Milk thistle should not be used by pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Possible Interactions Given milk thistle's action on the liver, the stie of most drug metabolism, it would be wise to speak to your doctor if you are taking any medication before using milk thistle.

Includes butyrophenones such as haloperidol and phenothiazines such as chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, and promethazine. Phenytoin Dilantin. A medication used for seizures. A medication used during general anesthesia. Birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy.

Milk thistle may interfere with the following medications, because both milk thistle and these medications are broken down by the same liver enzymes: Allergy drugs. Such as fexofenadine Allegra. Drugs for high cholesterol.

Including statins such as lovastatin Mevacor, Altocor. Anti-anxiety drugs. Including alprazolam Xanax , diazepam Valium , and lorazepam Ativan.

Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs blood thinners.

Herbs are assimilated at the cellular level as they enter the body and travel throughout the system. The benefits of a complete and healthy diet may take days to recognize. Herbs are the purest form of vitamins and minerals and the easiest assimilated, therefore they will do a magnificent job to maintain your natural health if they are the only product you choose to use.

We have not seen an advantage in doing a loading dose, and feel in many cases animals do better this way. These testimonials are for informational purposes only. The information is not a substitute for expert veterinary care.

Testimonials are written by actual customers and represent their own observations. They are not edited. These observations are not guaranteed, are not medically substantiated, and may not be typical for other animals. Your cart is empty Continue shopping Have an account?

Your cart. Update Check out. What Are You Looking For? Herbal Liver Support Herbal Liver Support. Learn More. Decrease quantity for Herbal Liver Support Increase quantity for Herbal Liver Support.

Add to cart. Payment methods American Express Apple Pay Diners Club Discover Meta Pay Google Pay Mastercard Shop Pay Visa. According to one review, clinical research shows that silymarin may improve symptoms of liver cirrhosis, reduce oxidative stress, and help normalize liver function in diseased livers.

Silymarin may even decrease liver-related deaths. Milk thistle has also shown promise as a complementary treatment for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease MASLD , which was previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD.

In one study, milk thistle use was associated with decreased levels of triglycerides a type of fat in the blood levels in people with MASLD. Jujube Ziziphus jujuba is a sweet fruit that contains phenols and flavonoids , two types of antioxidants that may have liver-protective qualities.

In rats with liver damage caused by high doses of acetaminophen, jujube supplementation led to decreases in the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase ALT and aspartate aminotransferase AST.

The researchers gave jujube to the treatment group of rats for 10 days. On day nine, they gave them acetaminophen. The rats who were given jujube had less liver damage when given toxic doses of acetaminophen, signaling that jujube might help protect the liver.

These changes were thought to be caused by the antioxidant content of the jujube fruit given to the rats. However, it is important to note this study was performed in rats, not humans. A small pilot study was conducted on people with tuberculosis with drug-induced liver damage.

In the study, participants were given either a placebo an ineffective substance given to a control group or jujube syrup every day for four weeks. Compared to the placebo, jujube syrup was associated with fewer cases of liver toxicity as well as less significant increases in ALT and AST.

Some studies suggest that supplementing with beetroot may treat MASLD. Beetroot is a source of bioactive substances, including betaine and antioxidants, that are thought to help prevent fat from accumulating in the liver.

In a study on adults with MASLD, beetroot juice was compared to the Mediterranean diet which is also high in antioxidants and other bioactive substances. Participants were randomized to either a control group, a Mediterranean diet-only group, a beetroot juice-only group, or a Mediterranean diet plus beetroot juice group.

After 12 weeks, levels of liver enzymes, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein LDL cholesterol considered "bad cholesterol" were decreased, and high-density lipoprotein HDL cholesterol "good cholesterol" was increased in all groups except for the control.

In a different study, adults with MASLD were randomized to receive either a beetroot supplement or a placebo for 12 weeks. Participants who used beetroot juice had significant decreases in liver enzymes and lipid profiles.

Those who took beetroot juice also experienced significant reductions in the size of their livers. Artichoke Cynara scolymus is an edible plant that is sometimes used as a dietary supplement for various health conditions, including liver disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials found that artichoke has a beneficial effect on decreasing liver enzymes ALT and AST.

These enzymes are commonly elevated in diseased livers. According to researchers, this effect suggests a liver-protective role of artichoke supplements. Artichoke has also been shown to improve levels of both liver enzymes and lipids in people with MASLD.

Some research suggests that artichoke leaf extract may even improve the flow of blood through the hepatic liver veins. Dandelion Taraxacum officinale has exhibited liver protective effects in experimental studies.

Researchers believe that dandelion may reduce oxidative stress and reduce various liver injury biomarkers like AST, ALT, and bilirubin. In animal research, dandelion has also been found to reduce liver fibrosis scarring.

This is thought to be due to the antioxidant activity of dandelion. Dandelion is a common herb in supplements for liver health. However, clinical trials are required to confirm its benefits in humans. Chanca piedra Phyllanthus niruri is an herb commonly used in Ayurveda and other types of traditional medicine to treat liver disease.

It is known to contain antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances that may benefit liver health. Researchers from one study looked at the effects of chanca piedra on people with alcoholic hepatitis. In the small study, participants were randomized to take either a placebo or chanca piedra for four weeks.

Chanca piedra was found to have only slight beneficial effects on AST and ALT levels. However, study participants who took chanca piedra did have significant increases in total antioxidant levels compared to those who took the placebo.

Vitamins and minerals are considered micronutrients because you need them in small amounts every day. You can get micronutrients from food or dietary supplements, although a food-first approach is recommended.

Taking certain vitamins may improve your liver health, especially if deficiencies are present. Some minerals may also be able to help. A deficiency in choline may lead to MASLD. This is because choline is needed to carry fat away from the liver.

High fat accumulation in the liver can cause MASLD. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NHANES , people who get enough choline from their diet have a lower risk of developing MASLD.

There's not a clear understanding of how choline supplementation may be used to treat or prevent MASLD. More research is needed. There is evidence that using vitamin C supplements can improve liver health, especially in people with liver disease.

One study compared vitamin C supplementation to a placebo in people with hepatitis C. At the end of the one-month study, participants who used vitamin C had significant improvements in liver enzymes compared to those who took the placebo. These effects were thought to be caused by the ability of vitamin C to reduce oxidative stress.

Another study compared varying doses of vitamin C in patients with MASLD. In the study, participants took milligrams mg , 1, mg, or 2, mg per day of vitamin C for 12 weeks. Researchers noted positive effects of all three doses of vitamin C for glucose metabolism and overall liver health, but the 1, mg per day dose appeared to be the most beneficial.

Deficiencies in the mineral zinc are often present in people with various types of liver disease. Although more research is needed, zinc supplementation has shown promise as a treatment for liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy , which causes brain function loss.

Researchers have looked at the long-term use of zinc supplements as a possible way to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma HCC , a common liver cancer.

In one study, zinc supplementation for at least six months was correlated with lower incidences of liver cirrhosis and HCC in people with chronic liver diseases. Compared to people with chronic liver disease who didn't use zinc supplements, those who did maintained liver function over three years.

Research shows that a deficiency in selenium is likely in people with chronic liver diseases like hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Correcting a selenium deficiency may help improve symptoms and outcomes of these and other types of liver disease, according to studies.

Selenium supplements may also help people with MASLD. However, the relationship between selenium and MASLD is not well understood. Experimental studies show that selenium may reduce fat accumulation in the liver by modulating certain enzymes.

Selenium also acts as an antioxidant, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver. More research is needed to determine if and how selenium supplements may improve MASLD and other liver diseases.

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant that may play a role in the treatment and management of MASLD and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis MASH , which was formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NASH.

A systematic review and meta-analysis that included 15 human trials found that vitamin E supplementation improved liver enzymes ALT and AST and fibrosis in both adults and children with MASLD. However, some studies included in the review concluded that vitamin E was not superior to other measures in improving MASLD or MASH.

A different review found similar results, concluding that vitamin E supplementation may improve ALT and AST levels, as well as inflammation and fat accumulation in the livers of people with MASLD. Researchers also concluded that vitamin E may be a useful complementary treatment for MASLD. Most healthy people do not need to take a liver health supplement.

For the most part, studies on supplements for liver health have concluded that certain herbs, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients may be beneficial if you have liver disease.

However, there isn't strong evidence that supplements are beneficial or necessary if your liver is healthy.

Fortunately, there is evidence that lifestyle habits can improve the health of your liver. Some ways to protect the health of your liver include:.

Certain herbs and supplements especially vitamins have been found to harm or damage the liver. For this reason, it's important to talk with a healthcare provider before taking any supplements for liver health.

The liver is a large organ that plays a part in hundreds of bodily processes. Certain types of liver disease may hinder some of these processes and negatively impact your overall health. Scientific evidence shows that some supplements for liver health may be useful, especially when liver disease is present.

However, there is little research that supports the use of supplements in people with healthy livers. If you think you may need a liver health supplement, talk with a healthcare provider.

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