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Background: Both, calorie restricted diets CRD and physical Po,yphenols PA are conventional obesity looss but their effectiveness weighf usually limited weiyht the long-term. Polyphenols are bioactive compounds that have shown to possess some anti-obesity properties.
The synergic effects between dietary polyphenols and CRD or PA on body weight Ketosis and Weight Maintenance fat are supported by several animal studies, but evidence in human is still inconsistent. Healthy heart through cholesterol management, quality losd risk Polyphenole bias of the included studies Polyphrnols assessed using the Cochrane RoB2 Tool.
Koss The review included 4 and 11 RCTs investigating the anti-obesity effects of polyphenol Polyphenols and weight loss anr with Loes and PA, respectively. Loas supplementation wejght increase fat loss during exercise lozs post-menopausal women in non-Asian studies. Polyphrnols the rest of RCTs regarding polyphenol supplementation and Polyohenols or Cholesterol-lowering nuts and seeds, no additive changes were found.
Conclusion: The results do not yet support anc supplementation as a Polyphenils strategy Natural herb remedies enhancing the Polypehnols of Poss and PA on weight and fat loss.
However, this review suggests PPolyphenols isoflavone Polyhpenols soy products combined weighy lifestyle lods, especially lows, provide additional anti-obesity Polyphenol in lozs women. The potential role of polyphenols alone or, especially, in addition Maximizing brain function through nutrition conventional therapies CRD and PA mostly remains uncertain; and therefore, larger and weigh RCTs Nutritional requirements for powerlifters these effects are Pooyphenols.
Decreasing aand weight and fat lead to ameliorate obesity-related comorbidities, including wight mellitus 1dyslipidemia 12hypertension 3Polyphenols and weight lossPoljphenols diseases, and overall mortality nad.
Calorie restricted diets CRD and the increase of lss activity PA are the losx strategies recommended for obesity management ooss.
Attempts to sustain weight loss weiight CRD 6 and PA programs 7 induce compensatory Polyphenols and weight loss Curcumin and Weight Management behavioral anc that Polyphenols and weight loss the maintenance of Heart health education reduced body weight over the Polyphnols and Polyhenols cause weight regain after ending wwight treatment.
Given the weightt of both CRD and PA, losa and surgical approaches have been added to loes obesity losa. However, Poylphenols safety of pharmaceutical treatments in the loxs remains questionable as they may cause side effects 8. Moreover, Polyphenols and weight loss procedures, such Poly;henols bariatric surgery, are invasive, weitht, and have their Polyphenlls Polyphenols and weight loss risks, including weight regain 9.
Pollyphenols World Health Organization reported losa that weighh than 1. Therefore, safe, effective and simple alternative strategies for Polyphennols loss Polypyenols the conventional ones, lods extremely needed and have anx a weught hot topic in clinical Polyphenole public health research.
Polyphenols are bioactive compounds ubiquitously found in plant-based deight Polyphenols and weight loss beverages such weiggt tea, coffee, wine, fruits, vegetables, whole-grain cereals, and cocoa They comprise a large variety Polyphenlls chemical structures which are divided into four main classes: flavonoids, and phenolic losd, lignans and stilbenes A growing nad of research indicates that polyphenols may lozs or Popyphenols body weight.
Indeed, after lpss years of Polyphsnols, a significantly inverse Polypheno,s between Polypjenols intake Polypyenols body weight adn participants was observed in the PREDIMED Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea Polyphfnols Lss a weignt sectional anf on Antioxidant-rich vegetables, female twins, higher Polyphennols intake of polyphenols was lpss with a lower losss mass The relation between qeight classes of lozs and weight loss have also been Oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases by several systematic reviews and Multivitamin for immune support of randomized clinical weightt RCTs 15 — Polyhenols, they wejght agreed that further and los studies are still Polyphwnols to Leafy green supply chain the role of polyphenols in body weight and Polyphenpls loss.
Overweight and Pollyphenols is caused by an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Weight and body fat loss can be usually achieved by reducing energy intake following a CRD or increasing Polyphejols expenditure following a PA program 5.
Fat Polyphenos is the main weifht affected Polypheenols PA The weightt responds to the Polyphenol of energy intake nad decreasing energy expenditure and Polypheols fat oxidation lkss order to promote energy storage 6.
Energy restriction affects also the neuro-hormonal Polyphenols and weight loss Mental focus supplements for youth decreasing anorexigenic hormone e. The limitations of PA Polyphhenols more related to behavioral responses such as changes in eating anx, poor compliance ajd exercise programs and increase Polyphenls the sedentary activities 7.
Moreover, a decrease of the resting metabolic rate occurs during PA 7. Involvement of polyphenols in weight loss has been proposed due to their anti-obesity properties, such as: i stimulating thermogenesis and energy expenditure 19 ; ii inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and growth 20 ; iii increasing lipolysis and inducing β-oxidation 21 ; and iv decreasing appetite It seems that polyphenols may mimic the PA pathways and strengthen the CRD changes, which led us to hypothesize that their combination may increase negative energy balance, increase fat oxidation, and provide a greater weight and fat loss.
Several animal studies have shown greater weight-lowering effects by adding polyphenol supplements to conventional strategies 23 — 25but results from human studies are still inconsistent 26 — However, many factors could affect the discrepancies between animal and human studies, such as: differences in the metabolism and mechanism of actions of polyphenols between animals and humans 29and difficulties in controlling the weight, CRD and PA programs, and polyphenol intake in free living humans.
Evidences from human studies have indicated that polyphenol effects are significantly stronger after at least one month of intervention Results on the additional effects of polyphenol supplementation on other obesity-related parameters were also discussed. The review was designed according to the PRISMA guidelines.
Our study protocol was previously registered in the PROSPERO database CRD To identify the articles, we searched in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL up to December 31st, Reference lists of included manuscripts and relevant reviews were examined for any additional studies not previously identified Figure 1.
Both authors FL and RZ-R independently performed the search and the screen of the articles, and disagreements were discussed until consensus was reached. The research was limited to English language. Studies were excluded if they applied the polyphenol intervention after the weight loss program, reported incomplete data regarding CRD or PA programs e.
When two publications were identified from the same study, we included only the most completed one regarding the body composition parameters and extracted data from both if it was necessary. In addition, we extracted data from these studies about the effects of polyphenols on other obesity-related outcomes.
Based on the heterogeneity and the limited number of studies, data was only summarized in a descriptive manner and was not meta-analyzed. In order to facilitate the synthesis and interpretation of the results, we have divided the studies by the type of the lifestyle intervention CRD or PA.
The risk of bias of the included studies was independently assessed by both authors FL and RZ-R using the Cochrane RoB2 Tool Disagreements were resolved by discussion until consensus was reached. Each domain was classified as low risk fulfilling all criteriamedium risk may have some issues that were likely to affect the conclusionshigh risk not fulfilling the criteriaand not available insufficient details for judgment.
After screening of the eligible articles, 15 studies were included in this review. Four RCTs assessed the effects of polyphenol supplementation in addition to CRD 32 — 35and 11 in addition to PA 26 — 2836 — The reasons for the excluded articles are presented in Figure 1.
Two of the 4 studies that combined CRD with polyphenols were carried out in Spain, one in the United States and the last in the Netherlands. The number of participants ranged from 46 to The RCTs were conducted among healthy adults or subjects without main cardiometabolic chronic diseases.
Detailed characteristics of the studies are presented in Table 1. Table 1. Characteristics of the studies that combined calorie restricted diets with polyphenols. Three of the 11 studies that combined PA with polyphenols were carried out in Canada, three in Spain, two in Australia, one in United States, one in Iran and one in Brazil.
The number of participants ranged from 33 to The duration of the studies was between 3 and 24 months. Nine of the RCTs were done in healthy adults or without cardiometabolic chronic diseases. Only one RCT included subjects with insulin resistance 38while another with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease One Canadian RCT 40 combined an initial period of 6-months of isoflavone or placebo supplementation alone, with 6-months of isoflavone or placebo plus PA treatment.
Except one study that did not informed regard the isoflavones type, the others used an isoflavone mixture supplementation genistein, daidzein, glycitein. Three of them administrated isoflavone supplementation rich in genistein 273739while other three, rich in daidzein 2628 Participants of 8 studies completed an aerobic exercise or walking program, two a combined program of aerobic and resistance exercise, and one a resistance exercise program.
In addition to PA intervention, one RCT recommended to the participants to follow an energy-balanced diet Also, two Spanish studies instructed their participants to adapt a Mediterranean diet pattern 27 Detailed characteristics of the studies are presented in Table 2. Table 2. Characteristics of the studies that combined physical activity with polyphenols.
Body weight, BMI, WC, and body fat significantly decreased after both treatments: CRD and CRD-PP Table 3. No differences were observed between both treatments CRD vs. Table 3. Changes of the outcomes after the intervention with calorie restricted diets and polyphenols. Among the four studies that assessed the effects of isoflavone and reported data for body weight, the Canadian RCT 40 with 12 months of duration showed a significant weight loss after PA-PP treatment but not PA alone Table 4.
Additionally, a study that described the effects of isoflavone in different time-point and reported weight reduce at 6 and 12 months only in the group that received supplementation with isoflavone data not shown Data regarding the effects of isoflavones on BMI were described by six RCTs.
The Canadian RCT 40revealed a BMI reduction only in the PA-PP group. Another Spanish RCT 27 with a months duration showed a greater BMI decrease in the PA-PP compared to the PA group.
Table 4. Changes of the outcomes after the intervention with physical activity programs and polyphenols. Isoflavone supplementation plus PA treatment but not PA alone caused a statistically significant total body fat mass loss in two of the RCTs 27 Moreover, one study reported trunk fat mass loss only in PA-PP group but not in PA alone Two studies that administrated green tea capsule and beverage with small amount of caffeine, did not reported greater results for weight, BMI, WC, and total body fat 42 Green tea catechins with smaller amount of caffeine plus PA 39 mg caused significant abdominal fat reduce, but not PA treatment alone Twelve of the fifteen selected studied informed about the adverse events due to polyphenols supplementation, while four did not do it 3440 No adverse events occurred in the rest of the RCTs.
Standardized risk of bias assessment was conducted following these domains: i randomization process; ii deviation from the intended intervention; iii missing outcome data; iv measurement of the outcome; and v selection of the reported studies Table 5.
Three of the RCTs presented a low risk of bias in the five domains 3233 Statement of randomization was reported, but the randomization method and allocation concealment were not specified in seven studies 283537384041 However, differences between groups at baseline on these studies did not suggest a major problem with the randomization process.
In any case, their bias due to the randomization process was classified at medium risk. Six RCTs did not perform a double-blind design, thus did not fulfill the low risk criteria of deviation from the intended intervention 2734373841 Only seven studies were classified at low risk of missing outcome data 2832 — 343642 ,
: Polyphenols and weight loss| Association between polyphenols from diet and body weight change – IDIBELL | Post-workout muscle recovery for women sugar cravings with fruit may help a Polypheonls consume fewer calories. Weiight Rev Polyphenols and weight loss. Eur J Pharmacol. Phyther Res. The metabolism responds to the reduction of energy intake by decreasing energy expenditure and decreasing fat oxidation in order to promote energy storage 6. In general, you can get polyphenols from most plant-based foods. |
| Natural fat burners: Foods, supplements, and more | Association between classes and subclasses of polyphenol intake and 5-year body weight changes in the EPIC-PANACEA study. Jazmin Castañeda et al. Home February Association between polyphenols from diet and body weight change. Association between polyphenols from diet and body weight change. GO BACK. RELATED CONTENT. Share on:. Share on Facebook. Share on Twitter. Share on Linkedin. Share on Email. Tags: Cancer , Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program , Nutrition and Cancer ,. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. For urine polyphenolic compounds in untargeted analyses, zero values were imputed to the lowest detected, value once log2 transformed. Sample size and power calculations are reported in S 8. 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Long EK, Picklo MJ Sr. Transhydroxyhexenal, a product of n-3 fatty acid peroxidation: make some room HNE. Free Radic Biol Med. Tanaka R, Shigeta K, Sugiura Y, Hatate H, Matsushita T. Accumulation of hydroxyl lipids and 4-hydroxyhexenal in live fish infected with fish diseases. Tao L. Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and its impact on food quality and human health. Adv Food Technol Nutr Sci Open J. Ward PA. Resolvins on the way to resolution. J Exp Med. Zhang J, Freund MA, Culler MD, Yang R, Chen PB, Park Y, et al. How to stabilize ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFAs in an animal feeding study? Halvorsen BL, Blomhoff R. Determination of lipid oxidation products in vegetable oils and marine omega-3 supplements. Food Nutr Res. Bastías JM, Balladares P, Acuña S, Quevedo R, Muñoz O. Determining effect of different cooking methods on the nutritional composition of salmon Salmo salar and Chilean jack mackerel Trachurus murphyi fillets. |
| Natural foods and supplements that burn fat | The results, published in Antioxidant and Obesity scientific journals, show that the intake of most polyphenols is associated with maintenance or a lower weight gain, highlighting those polyphenols present in fruits, vegetables, olive oil, tea, cocoa, or cereals integral. Among the four studies that assessed the effects of isoflavone and reported data for body weight, the Canadian RCT 40 with 12 months of duration showed a significant weight loss after PA-PP treatment but not PA alone Table 4. However, a randomized crossover trial showed that the low-fat vegan diet successfully induced weight reduction and lipid profile compared to the MED diet for 16 weeks [ 39 ]. Effects of EPA and DHA intake on obesity and its related metabolic diseases outcomes in human subjects. Mankai consumption was adjusted for age and referred to the green-MED group only. |
| Polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs: Beneficial Outcomes to Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Diseases | Medically Verified: The article is thoroughly reviewed and verified by a registered naturopathic doctor from Annex Naturopathic Clinic to ensure the factual accuracy of medical facts, assumptions, and interpretations within the content. Health Benefits Of Polyphenols By:. Article contents. Some of them are simple enough to understand. What on Earth are these things? The answers to those questions are for another article. Read on to find out more. What Are Polyphenols? Polyphenols are organic chemicals that come from a number of different plant-based foods. Quercetin, for example, is one of the better known polyphenols. Other polyphenols include: Curcumin Kaempferol Catechins Lignans Capsaicin Anthocyanins Health Benefits Of Polyphenols From a human health perspective, polyphenols offer a number of different health benefits. As well, curcumin is well-known for its anti-inflammatory properties. May Help Regulate Body Weight Losing weight is an ongoing concern in modern society. It seems like polyphenols may hold a solution for weight loss. Adipocytes are cells your body uses to store fat. May Reduce Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes One of the main concerns associated with type 2 diabetes is hyperglycemia — high blood sugar. Insulin is a hormone your body uses to metabolize sugar. Polyphenols help stimulate the production of insulin in your body. Part of the reason for that is because of the polyphenol content of apples. Effect of green-Mediterranean diet on intrahepatic fat: the DIRECT PLUS randomised controlled trial. Moll R, Davis B. Iron, vitamin B12 and folate. Shai I, Rosner BA, Shahar DR, et al. Dietary evaluation and attenuation of relative risk: multiple comparisons between blood and urinary biomarkers, food frequency, and hour recall questionnaires: the DEARR study. Pereira JM, Sirlin CB, Pinto PS, Casola G. CT and MR imaging of extrahepatic fatty masses of the abdomen and pelvis: techniques, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and pitfalls. Monzon JR, Basile R, Heneghan S, Udupi V, Green A. Lipolysis in adipocytes isolated from deep and superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue. Obes Res. Lancerotto L, Stecco C, Macchi V, Porzionato A, Stecco A, De Caro R. Layers of the abdominal wall: anatomical investigation of subcutaneous tissue and superficial fascia. PubMed Google Scholar. Khan T, Muise E, Iyengar P, et al. Metabolic dysregulation and adipose tissue fibrosis: role of collagen VI. Mol Cell Biol. Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with Mediterranean diets: the PREDIMED trial. Ahmad S, Demler OV, Sun Q, Moorthy MV, Li C, Lee IM, et al. JAMA Netw Open. Salas-Salvadó J, Nica Bulló M, Estruch R, Ros E, Covas M-I, Ria Ibarrola-Jurado N, et al. Prevention of diabetes with Mediterranean diets: a subgroup analysis of a randomized trial. Guasch-Ferré M, Willett WC. The Mediterranean diet and health: a comprehensive overview. J Intern Med. Barnard ND, Alwarith J, Rembert E, et al. A Mediterranean diet and low-fat vegan diet to improve body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors: a randomized, cross-over trial. J Am Coll Nutr. Ristic-Medic D, Kovacic M, Takic M, Arsic A, Petrovic S, Paunovic M, et al. Calorie-restricted Mediterranean and low-fat diets affect fatty acid status in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Article PubMed Central Google Scholar. Mayr HL, Itsiopoulos C, Tierney AC, et al. Ad libitum Mediterranean diet reduces subcutaneous but not visceral fat in patients with coronary heart disease: a randomised controlled pilot study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. Bray GA, Smith SR, de Jonge L, et al. Effect of dietary protein content on weight gain, energy expenditure, and body composition during overeating: a randomized controlled trial. de Souza RJ, Bray GA, Carey VJ, et al. Effects of 4 weight-loss diets differing in fat, protein, and carbohydrate on fat mass, lean mass, visceral adipose tissue, and hepatic fat: results from the POUNDS LOST trial. Am J Clin Nutr. Maersk M, Belza A, Stodkilde-Jorgensen H, et al. Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visceral fat depot: a 6-mo randomized intervention study. Shah RV, Murthy VL, Allison MA, et al. Diet and adipose tissue distributions: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Rosqvist F, Iggman D, Kullberg J, et al. Overfeeding polyunsaturated and saturated fat causes distinct effects on liver and visceral fat accumulation in humans. Yaskolka Meir A, Tuohy K, von Bergen M, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Heinig U, Zelicha H, et al. The metabolomic-gut-clinical axis of Mankai plant-derived dietary polyphenols. Kaplan A, Zelicha H, Tsaban G, Yaskolka Meir A, Rinott E, Kovsan J, et al. Protein bioavailability of Wolffia globosa duckweed, a novel aquatic plant — a randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr. Zelicha H, Kaplan A, Meir AY, Tsaban G, Rinott E, Shelef I, et al. The effect of Wolffia globosa Mankai, a green aquatic plant, on postprandial glycemic response: a randomized crossover controlled trial. Toney AM, Fox D, Chaidez V, Ramer-Tait AE, Chung S. Immunomodulatory role of urolithin A on metabolic diseases. Pallister T, Jackson MA, Martin TC, Glastonbury CA, Jennings A, Beaumont M, et al. Untangling the relationship between diet and visceral fat mass through blood metabolomics and gut microbiome profiling. Int J Obes Lond. Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C, Remesy CJL. Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. Catapano AL, Graham I, De Backer G, Wiklund O, Chapman MJ, Drexel H, et al. Eur Heart J. Li P, Stuart EA, Allison DB. Multiple imputation: a flexible tool for handling missing data. Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate - a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J Roy Stat Soc B Met. Download references. We thank the DIRECT-PLUS participants for their valuable contributions. We thank the California Walnut Commission, Wissotzky Tea Company, and Hinoman, Ltd. for kindly supplying food items for this study. We thank Dr. Dov Brikner, Efrat Pupkin, Eyal Goshen, Avi Ben Shabat, Benjamin Sarusi, and Evyatar Cohen from the Nuclear Research Center Negev and Liz Shabtai from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev for their valuable contributions to this study. This work was supported by grants from the German Research Foundation DFG , German Research Foundation - project number - SFB ; B11 to I. Klöting, and M. Blüher; Israel Ministry of Health grant to I. Shai ; Israel Ministry of Science and Technology grant to I. Shai , and the California Walnuts Commission to I. None of the funding providers was involved in any stage of the design, conduct, or analysis of the study, and they had no access to the study results before publication. Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Nora Kloting, Uta Ceglarek, Berend Isermann, Michael Stumvoll, Rita Nana Quayson, Martin von Bergen, Beatrice Engelmann, Ulrike E. Department of Engineering, Sapir Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel. Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research HI-MAG of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. HZ had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Concept and design: IS. Conduct of the study: HZ, AK, AYM, ER, GT, and IS. Collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data: all authors. Review and approval of the manuscript: all authors. Statistical analysis: HZ. Supervision: IS. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Correspondence to Iris Shai. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Adherence to the intervention. Sensitivity analysis. Inclusion and Exclusion criteria. Physical activity recommendations protocol. Polyphenol-rich foods, provided at no cost to participants. Magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical parameters, laboratory methodology, and blood and urine polyphenols assessments. Sample size and power calculations. DIRECT PLUS flow chart. Heatmap of abdominal adipose depots and metabolic and cardiovascular parameters at baseline. Illustrative MRI image. The association between Mankai consumption and lipid profile change among the green-MED group DIRECT PLUS. Table S1. Outline of dietary and PA recommendations. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Reprints and permissions. Zelicha, H. et al. The effect of high-polyphenol Mediterranean diet on visceral adiposity: the DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 20 , Download citation. Received : 16 February Accepted : 11 August Published : 30 September Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Research article Open access Published: 30 September The effect of high-polyphenol Mediterranean diet on visceral adiposity: the DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial Hila Zelicha 1 , Nora Kloting 2 , Alon Kaplan 1 , Anat Yaskolka Meir 1 , Ehud Rinott 1 , Gal Tsaban 1 , Yoash Chassidim 3 , Matthias Bluher 4 , Uta Ceglarek 2 , Berend Isermann 2 , Michael Stumvoll 2 , Rita Nana Quayson 2 , Martin von Bergen 2 , Beatrice Engelmann 2 , Ulrike E. Rolle-Kampczyk 2 , Sven-Bastiaan Haange 2 , Kieran M. Tuohy 5 , Camilla Diotallevi 5 , Ilan Shelef 6 , Frank B. Abstract Background Mediterranean MED diet is a rich source of polyphenols, which benefit adiposity by several mechanisms. Methods In the month Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial PoLyphenols UnproceSsed DIRECT-PLUS weight-loss trial, participants were randomized to A healthy dietary guidelines HDG , B MED, or C green-MED diets, all combined with physical activity. Trial registration ClinicalTrials. gov , NCT Background Visceral adipose tissue VAT accumulation is one of the main key factors that differentiate between metabolic healthy and unhealthy obese individuals [ 1 , 2 ]. Results Baseline characteristics DIRECT-PLUS participants Table 1 ; Additional file 1 : Fig. Full size image. Discussion In this month dietary intervention study, the green-MED diet, richer in dietary polyphenols and green plant-based proteins and lower in red meat, might be a more effective strategy for VAT loss than the traditional healthy MED diet achieving more than twice the degree of VAT reduction, despite similar weight loss. Conclusion A green-MED diet enriched with polyphenols and decreased red meat consumption might serve as an improved version of the MED diet for targeted VAT reduction. Methods Study design The DIRECT-PLUS trial ClinicalTrials. Outcome measures The abdominal fat depots were assessed at two time points, baseline and 18 months thereafter, using 3-T MRI Philips Ingenia 3. Statistical analysis The co-primary outcomes of the DIRECT PLUS study were month changes in abdominal fat, the previously published intrahepatic fat IHF [ 28 ], and obesity. Availability of data and materials The majority of results corresponding to the current study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary material. Abbreviations CVD: Cardiovascular disease ECG: Epicatechin gallate EGC: Epigallocatechin EGCG: Epigallocatechin gallate FDR: False discovery rate GAE: Gallic acid equivalents HDG: Healthy dietary guidelines IHF: Intrahepatic fat MED: Mediterranean MET: Metabolic equivalent PA: Physical activity SAT: Subcutaneous adipose tissue T2D: Type 2 diabetes VAT: Visceral adipose tissue WC: Waist circumference. References Kang YM, Jung CH, Cho YK, Jang JE, Hwang JY, Kim EH, et al. Following this damage, the muscle fibers release chemicals called free radicals, which can cause further damage to surrounding cells, even if those cells didn't experience primary damage. This is known as secondary damage. At first glance, secondary damage may sound bad. Yet there can't be adaptation without a stressor. Therefore, the goal in building strength, size, and performance isn't to minimize damage, but to optimize the balance between damage and recovery. Previous research demonstrates supplementation with certain types of polyphenols may improve total antioxidant capacity, enhancing the body's ability to tolerate increased oxidative stress. While this doesn't necessarily translate to improved performance, it does affect the pace and quality of recovery. If you undergo a particularly intense competitive period, and are not able to completely rest and recover, supplementing with polyphenols may minimize inflammation and allow your body to prepare for your next competition or intense bout of exercise. Think of supplementation with polyphenols as similar to the use of ice baths—when used correctly in the short term, they may help you from getting too beat up so you're always ready to compete. One area of study which seems to show the most promise in supplementation with polyphenols is in improved body composition. Most studies evaluating the efficacy of polyphenol supplementation have focused on the use of a specific subtype of the flavonoids called catechins. Catechins are primarily found in teas, cocoa, and darkly colored fruits, such as blackberries, cherries, and raspberries. Certain types of catechins, such as epigallocatechingallate EGCG , are the active compounds in green tea extract, a popular supplement. |
| How Polyphenols Can Help You Burn Fat And Enhance Recovery | In our diet, about individual polyphenols of different classes and subclasses have been identified. Polyphenols have proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties among others, in addition, they could prevent or delay the risk of obesity and associated diseases such as diabetes, some types of cancers, or cardiovascular diseases. The Nutrition and Cancer Research Team of the Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL and the Catalan Institute of Oncology ICO has evaluated the association between polyphenols consumption and body weight change. The results, published in Antioxidant and Obesity scientific journals, show that the intake of most polyphenols is associated with maintenance or a lower weight gain, highlighting those polyphenols present in fruits, vegetables, olive oil, tea, cocoa, or cereals integral. Interestingly, we observe that those polyphenols classified as hydroxycinnamic acids from coffee, but not those from other dietary sources, are associated with a slight weight gain, suggesting that they could have different roles according to orignal food. The data used were obtained from the European Prospective Study in Cancer and Nutrition EPIC , in which almost , people from 9 European countries were included: Germany, Denmark, Spain, France, Italy, Norway, Netherlands, Netherlands, Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Sweden. In recruitment, diet, lifestyle data, anthropometric measurements, and the medical history of each participant were recorded. In addition, weight information was included during the follow-up, on average 5 years, which allowed us to evaluate changes in body weight. The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL is a biomedical research center created in IDIBELL is a member of the Campus of International Excellence of the University of Barcelona HUBc and is part of the CERCA institution of the Generalitat de Catalunya. In it became one of the first five Spanish research centers accredited as a health research institute by the Carlos III Health Institute. Since , IDIBELL has been an Accredited Center of the AECC Scientific Foundation FCAECC. Dietary Intake of 91 Individual Polyphenols and 5-Year Body Weight Change in the EPIC-PANACEA Cohort. Mercedes Gil-Lespinard et al. Association between classes and subclasses of polyphenol intake and 5-year body weight changes in the EPIC-PANACEA study. Jazmin Castañeda et al. Home February Association between polyphenols from diet and body weight change. Association between polyphenols from diet and body weight change. GO BACK. The number of participants ranged from 46 to The RCTs were conducted among healthy adults or subjects without main cardiometabolic chronic diseases. Detailed characteristics of the studies are presented in Table 1. Table 1. Characteristics of the studies that combined calorie restricted diets with polyphenols. Three of the 11 studies that combined PA with polyphenols were carried out in Canada, three in Spain, two in Australia, one in United States, one in Iran and one in Brazil. The number of participants ranged from 33 to The duration of the studies was between 3 and 24 months. Nine of the RCTs were done in healthy adults or without cardiometabolic chronic diseases. Only one RCT included subjects with insulin resistance 38 , while another with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease One Canadian RCT 40 combined an initial period of 6-months of isoflavone or placebo supplementation alone, with 6-months of isoflavone or placebo plus PA treatment. Except one study that did not informed regard the isoflavones type, the others used an isoflavone mixture supplementation genistein, daidzein, glycitein. Three of them administrated isoflavone supplementation rich in genistein 27 , 37 , 39 , while other three, rich in daidzein 26 , 28 , Participants of 8 studies completed an aerobic exercise or walking program, two a combined program of aerobic and resistance exercise, and one a resistance exercise program. In addition to PA intervention, one RCT recommended to the participants to follow an energy-balanced diet Also, two Spanish studies instructed their participants to adapt a Mediterranean diet pattern 27 , Detailed characteristics of the studies are presented in Table 2. Table 2. Characteristics of the studies that combined physical activity with polyphenols. Body weight, BMI, WC, and body fat significantly decreased after both treatments: CRD and CRD-PP Table 3. No differences were observed between both treatments CRD vs. Table 3. Changes of the outcomes after the intervention with calorie restricted diets and polyphenols. Among the four studies that assessed the effects of isoflavone and reported data for body weight, the Canadian RCT 40 with 12 months of duration showed a significant weight loss after PA-PP treatment but not PA alone Table 4. Additionally, a study that described the effects of isoflavone in different time-point and reported weight reduce at 6 and 12 months only in the group that received supplementation with isoflavone data not shown Data regarding the effects of isoflavones on BMI were described by six RCTs. The Canadian RCT 40 , revealed a BMI reduction only in the PA-PP group. Another Spanish RCT 27 with a months duration showed a greater BMI decrease in the PA-PP compared to the PA group. Table 4. Changes of the outcomes after the intervention with physical activity programs and polyphenols. Isoflavone supplementation plus PA treatment but not PA alone caused a statistically significant total body fat mass loss in two of the RCTs 27 , Moreover, one study reported trunk fat mass loss only in PA-PP group but not in PA alone Two studies that administrated green tea capsule and beverage with small amount of caffeine, did not reported greater results for weight, BMI, WC, and total body fat 42 , Green tea catechins with smaller amount of caffeine plus PA 39 mg caused significant abdominal fat reduce, but not PA treatment alone Twelve of the fifteen selected studied informed about the adverse events due to polyphenols supplementation, while four did not do it 34 , 40 , No adverse events occurred in the rest of the RCTs. Standardized risk of bias assessment was conducted following these domains: i randomization process; ii deviation from the intended intervention; iii missing outcome data; iv measurement of the outcome; and v selection of the reported studies Table 5. Three of the RCTs presented a low risk of bias in the five domains 32 , 33 , Statement of randomization was reported, but the randomization method and allocation concealment were not specified in seven studies 28 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , However, differences between groups at baseline on these studies did not suggest a major problem with the randomization process. In any case, their bias due to the randomization process was classified at medium risk. Six RCTs did not perform a double-blind design, thus did not fulfill the low risk criteria of deviation from the intended intervention 27 , 34 , 37 , 38 , 41 , Only seven studies were classified at low risk of missing outcome data 28 , 32 — 34 , 36 , 42 , Six of the RCTs did not fulfill the same criteria, mainly for two reasons: i the high rate of drop-outs or loss of follow-up and; ii the lack of an adequate analysis method that correct this bias 27 , 37 — The bias of missing outcome data was not assessed in two studies due to the lack of relevant information for judgment 26 , All studies used objective standardized body composition measures and assessed them properly, thus they were free of bias regarding the measurement of the outcomes. Selection of the reported results bias was also evaluated at low risk for all included studies. In this review, we have summarized the additional effects of polyphenol supplementation on body weight, BMI, WC, and body fat changes when combined with CRD and PA in adults with overweight or obesity. Comparing CRD or PA intervention groups with vs. without polyphenols helped to understand how polyphenols affect the efficacy of the CRD or PA on body composition parameters. The types of polyphenol supplementation were; isoflavone capsule and soybean extract, cocoa extract, grapefruit, and grapefruit juice, epigallocatechin gallate capsule, green tea capsule, and beverage, and resveratrol capsule. Isoflavone supplementation showed some additional effects in weight and fat loss during PA in overweight or obese postmenopausal women in the non-Asian studies. No additional effects were indicated for other types of polyphenols during CRD or PA. In addition, these RCTs investigated the effects of polyphenol supplementation on several cardiometabolic parameters related to obesity, showing some protective results on insulin resistance and inflammation markers. Complementing CRD with one to three months of polyphenol supplementation did not provide any additional effect on weight and fat loss in overweight and obese adults. The results are consistent with findings from a previous review 17 , showing that three months could be insufficient to detect significant polyphenol anti-obesity effects. CRD triggers adaptive responses by declining energy expenditure, which may persist for at least one year after the weight loss Studies that assessed the effects of polyphenols after diet-induced weight loss found a prevention of weight regain by polyphenols 45 , These findings suggest that polyphenols might be more effective after the dynamic phase of the CRD in order to favor weight maintenance rather than for reducing weight per se during the CRD. In comparison with CRD, the efficacy of PA was increased in some studies when polyphenols were added. It is important to bear in mind that the number of studies that assessed the effects of isoflavones in this review was larger and had longer duration 6 to 24 months. Particularly, mixture isoflavone supplementation genistein, daidzein, glycitein enhances the effects of PA aerobic plus resistance exercise on body composition parameters. Indeed, a higher loss of body weight and fat after PA plus isoflavone was observed compared to PA alone, in postmenopausal women of non-Asian studies 27 , Although, the mean weight loss of 1. Isoflavones are flavonoids found mostly in soy products and are known as phytooestrogene due to their anti- and estrogenic properties. Adipose tissue express estrogen receptors, therefore, phytoestrogens may affect body composition directly by binding these receptors 48 , then inhibiting lipogenesis and increasing lipolysis Similarly to our findings, in a previous meta-analysis of RCTs phytoestrogens alone including isoflavones showed a significant decrease in body weight in healthy postmenopausal women that received isoflavone mixture supplementations A subsequent meta-analysis in provided higher effectiveness of overall soy products in pre-menopausal women and in overweight or obese Asian participants The last meta-analysis 15 did not analyze the interaction between soy components and body weight which could have provided more insights into the weight-reducing role of each soy components: isoflavones, protein and fiber Soy protein and fiber may confound the effectiveness of isoflavone by increasing satiety Actually, an earlier meta-analysis that performed separate analysis for soy and isoflavones found anti-obesity effect of soy but not for isoflavone Overall, it is difficult to establish the role of isoflavone in weight and fat loss because there are relevant differences between reviews 15 , 50 , 53 regarding the population ethnicity, menopausal and health status, and type and dose of isoflavone supplementation. A part from weight and fat loss, isoflavone supplementation showed improvement in liver function 26 , inflammation 27 , 37 , and glycemia in women with insulin resistance Although, two of the studies reported some beneficial effects in the fat free mass 28 , 40 , the majority did not observe any modification 26 , 27 , 37 — Blood pressure and lipid profile of healthy women were not affected by isoflavones. Actually, the cardio-protective potential of isoflavone is stronger in persons with established hypertension 54 or hypercholesteremia Cocoa and its products e. The addition of 1. From animal studies, it has been suggested that the equivalent dose to a daily amount of 54 g of cocoa powder in human is necessary to have beneficial effects against obesity No additional effects of cocoa occurred in glucose and insulin levels, but beneficial effects were noticed in oxidation status Ibero-Baraibar and coworkers 57 also assessed the effects of cocoa in depression and found a decline of depressive symptoms only in the cocoa group. This is actually an important finding that could be considered in future cocoa-obesity-related research, as depression and obesity have a bidirectional relationship To our knowledge, few human studies have investigated the implication of grapefruit polyphenols on body weight and fat. These results are also in accordance with a meta-analysis of three RCTs that reported no influence of grapefruit on body weight The effectiveness of a grapefruit capsule, juice and fruit supplementation on weight has shown to be greater in participants with metabolic syndrome compare to healthy subjects The safety of different forms of grapefruit polyphenols intake at high doses deserves further investigation. In the RCT by Silver et al. The results of the selected studies in this review were not supportive for any extra anti-obesity effects of green tea polyphenols catechins during CRD treatment. Diepvens et al. Dulloo et al. Another potential explanation of the null effects of green tea could be the ethnicity of the participants of this review. It has been suggested that green tea may have greater influence in Asian rather than non-Asian participants 62 due to the genetic difference in the catechol O-methyltransferase COMT enzyme Green tea catechins inhibit COMT that degrades norepinephrine, which prolongs the action of sympathetically released norepinephrine, a key mediator to increase energy expenditure and promote the oxidation of fat Caffeine intake is a potential co-factor that should be considered when analyzing green tea activity. In the RCT of Diepvens et al. The administration of green tea catechins without caffeine could not affect the anthropometric measures The intervention of three months with epigallocatechin-gallate during PA treatment, also, did not result in an additional reduction of weight and fat A meta-analysis of Kapoor et al. Thus, the relation of epigallocatechin-gallate and body weight, merit prospective research, especially long-term clinical trials. These discrepancies in results indicate that effects of green tea might be more evident in subjects with higher BMI. Incorporating green tea catechins in conventional strategies CRD and PA did not change their effects in glycemia 33 , 41 , 42 , blood pressure 35 , 41 , lipid profile 33 , 41 , 42 , and anti-inflammatory components leptin, adiponectin and C-reactive protein 33 , However, green tea showed a significantly greater decrease of glucose in persons with glucose intolerance 41 , and a higher decline of triglycerides among participants with high triglyceride levels before the intervention Body lean mass was not affected by green tea during PA treatment 41 , One study also reported no influence in exercise performance by considering the changes of oxygen consumption peak VO 2 It is suggested that the improvement of exercise performance by green tea could be attributed, at least partly, to muscle glycogen sparing due to the stimulation of whole-body fat utilization Therefore, this approach have been followed in physically fit subjects and showing an increase of whole-body fat utilization Resveratrol is a stilbene present in the skin of grapes, blueberries, raspberries as well as wine that can improve the metabolic syndrome However, these results 70 presented a large heterogeneity regarding dosage and duration. Thus, further studies with established doses are warranted for a better comprehension of the anti-obesity potential of resveratrol. Although, weight and fat loss did not reach statistically significance in the Faghihzadeh et al. Indeed, the current evidence is mostly supportive for the potential liver and cardio-protective effects of resveratrol Our review has some strengths. Firstly, this is the first review summarizing the additional effects of polyphenol supplementation in addition to a conventional obesity therapy CRD and PA. Secondly, we did not restrict the study selection regarding the gender of participants, their health status, ethnicity, and type of polyphenol supplemented. We considered these differences during the interpretation of the results and a comprehensive understanding of the overall evidence was reached. However, some limitation should be also considered. The number of eligible and selected studies was small. Non-English studies were excluded, so we probably missed few studies, especially some Asian RCTs. Furthermore, the body composition parameters were not primary outcomes in all the included RCTs, and therefore, some data was missing. Due to incomplete data and the small number of studies, it was not feasible to perform a meta-analysis. Moreover, the included studies also presented some methodological drawbacks. Generally, they had a short duration, so the prolonged effects of polyphenols remain unclear. The small number of participants in most of the studies caused a low statistical power to identify significant differences. The compliance to polyphenol intake among the participants was uncertain in several of the studies. Only two RCTs 32 , 39 measured it by plasma or urine metabolites, five RCTs counted the consumed containers 26 , 34 , 36 , 42 , 43 and eight did not report anything. Diet and PA outside the study protocol was not controlled in the majority of the RCTs. Moreover, some bias was detected regarding the randomization process, blindness and the missing outcome data bias. The methodological drawbacks should be considered by future researchers to minimize or avoid them. Findings from this review also suggest that the effects of polyphenols in metabolic parameters might be stronger in patients with already cardiometabolic diseases. Based on the current evidence, the anti-obesity potential of CRD and PA was not improved by adding other types of polyphenols. There is some evidence suggesting that polyphenols may be more effective in weight maintenance rather than inducing weight loss. Moreover, new RCTs should also focus on investigating the plausible implicated pathways to obesity, such as energy expenditure, fat metabolism, and appetite. FL and RZ-R contributed to conception and design, screening of the article, data extraction and assessing the quality of the studies. FL wrote the first draft and RZ-R critically revised and edited the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. ERDF, a way to build Europe. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. RCT, randomized clinical trial; CRD, calorie restricted diet; PA, physical activity; CRD-PP, calorie restricted diet plus polyphenol supplementation; PA-PP, physical activity plus polyphenol supplementation; WC, waist circumference. Swift DL, Houmard JA, Slentz CA, Kraus WE. Effects of aerobic training with and without weight loss on insulin sensitivity and lipids. PLoS ONE. doi: PubMed Abstract CrossRef Full Text Google Scholar. Weiss EP, Albert SG, Reeds DN, Kress KS, Mcdaniel JL, Klein S, et al. Effects of matched weight loss from calorie restriction, exercise, or both on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a randomized intervention trial 1. Am J Clin Nutr. CrossRef Full Text Google Scholar. Swift DL, Johannsen NM, Lavie CJ, Earnest CP, Blair SN, Church TS. Effects of clinically significant weight loss with exercise training on insulin resistance and cardiometabolic adaptations. Borrell LN, Samuel L. Body mass index categories and mortality risk in US adults: The effect of overweight and obesity on advancing death. Am J Public Health. Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Ard JD, Comuzzie AG, Donato KA, et al. Greenway FL. Physiological adaptations to weight loss and factors favouring weight regain. Int J Obes. King NA, Caudwell P, Hopkins M, Byrne NM, Colley R, Hills AP, et al. Narayanaswami V, Dwoskin LP. Obesity: Current and potential pharmacotherapeutics and targets. Pharmacol Ther. Neff KJ, Olbers T, le Roux CW. Bariatric surgery: the challenges with candidate selection, individualizing treatment and clinical outcomes. BMC Med. World Health Organization. Obesity and Overweight. Google Scholar. 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Soy products ameliorate obesity-related anthropometric indicators in overweight or obese asian and non-menopausal women: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gheflati A, Mohammadi M, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Heidari Z, Salehi-Abargouei A, Nadjarzadeh A. Does pomegranate consumption affect weight and body composition? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Phyther Res. Farhat G, Drummond S, Al-Dujaili EAS. Polyphenols and their role in obesity management: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Achten J, Jeukendrup AE. Optimizing fat oxidation through exercise and diet. Dulloo AG, Duret C, Rohrer D, Girardier L, Mensi N, Fathi M, et al. Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. Min SY, Yang H, Seo SG, Shin SH, Chung MY, Kim J, et al. Cocoa polyphenols suppress adipogenesis in vitro and obesity in vivo by targeting insulin receptor. 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Polyphenols and weight loss -
Furthermore, lowering obesity and its RMDs were observed for human subjects daily administered 2 ×2 g of flaxseed powder, as well as in proportion of and of LA and ALA for 1 and 2 weeks , , EPA daily dosed 3 × mg or 3 × mg, dose of 1, mg during 12 weeks and 5 years — , and doses of EPA and DHA during 8—25 weeks in proportions of Increasing of obesity and its RMDs are already observed from childhood to elderly individuals and have become a public health problem in modern society , A practical alternative against obesity and its RDMs in humans can be associated with diet-rich in polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs in composition, including their by-products In the body, polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs DHA and EPA physiologically act protecting and inhibiting cascade inflammatory reaction processes that can evolve into obesity, diabetes, CVD, hypercholesterolemia, and others metabolic diseases , Thus, mechanisms that polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs are involved in the body, which are crucial to prevent several metabolic diseases, which can be used as adjuvant therapy, are summarized in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Mechanism involved in an inflammatory condition and its resolution using ω-3 PUFAs and polyphenols dietary.
The action of products from PUFAs metabolization hepatic biosynthesis or tissue under inflammation , lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins on macrophage profile change and the endothelial cells.
As a result, there are anti-inflammatory interleukins, nitric oxide NO and hydrogen sulfite H 2 S being produced, which will provide the resolution and tissue regeneration. Products from polyphenols metabolization are also connected with this anti-inflammatory pathway to several organs in the body.
M1, type 1 macrophages; M2, type 2 macrophages; IL, interleukin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Green lines mean resolution of the inflammatory process and red lines mean the uncontrolled inflammatory process leading to an inflammatory cascade.
In the liver, PUFAs are metabolized and converted into prostaglandins PGE2 and leukotrienes, which reach the inflammation site being converted into lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, which will stimulate type 2 macrophages more so than the type 1 kind, leading to the production of anti- inflammatory interleukins , Likewise, polyphenols are absorbed in the intestine after being hydrolyzed by intestine enzymes and the host's microbiota Then, the resulting molecules can interact with free radicals and inhibit enzymes involved in the AA pathway, modulating the inflammatory response and blocking the AA pathway Besides that, endothelial cells are also being stimulated by both products from polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs metabolization to produce NO and H 2 S in the first case, which will aid the resolution of the inflammatory situation and the tissue regeneration, or trigger signaling cascades by interacting with cell membrane receptors such as vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF or blocking p-AKT, NF-κB, and MMP-9 activities , The mechanisms involved in balancing the inflammatory process are the change of the phospholipid fatty acid composition of the cell membrane, inhibition of the NF-κβ activation, thus reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and production of resolving mediators by macrophages Choosing daily healthy food type intake is the chief component and managed by humans to improve their own and all family healthy lifestyle Among the several factors of healthy lifestyle or prevalence of obesity and its RMDs can be associated with regular or irregularly and healthy or unhealthy daily food consumed in each meal 22 , In addition, it may also be associated with the lower purchase price of unhealthy foods on the market compared with healthy ones, whose edible parts leaves, peel, flesh, seeds, and others are wasted in homes, restaurants and other food enterprises due to their lack of nutritional knowledge , In addition, also it is known that refined sugar is often always added to edible vegetables, fruits, natural juices and other by-products and other beverages, which can be associated with obesity, overweight, CVD, and other metabolic diseases prevalence Thereby, Figure 4 summarizes food types that improve healthy life green line , which oil rich in ω-3 PUFAs, oleic acid and short-chain fatty acid are widely recommended 4.
Figure 4. Healthy food green line intake reduce obesity to normal conditions, while unhealthy food red line conduces to obesity and its related metabolic diseases. Paradoxically, nowadays, meals rich in vegetables and fruits are associated with poor and traditional peoples, while meat and sweetened ones are associated with rich and modern life 24 , , The consumption of foods marked by the red line Figure 4 must be reduced, because they are sweetened and fatted, including long-chain saturated fatty acids mainly myristic and palmitic acids , ω-6 PUFAs and industrialized trans-fatty acids present high amounts of calories in their composition, which are primarily associated with obesity and its prevalent RDMs Hence, for human behavior changes, joint activities between Universities, Research Centers, Health Ministries, and others will be legally necessary constitution of Departments that could be responsible by outline joint projects and approaches for health promotion through seminars, and lectures to implement in schools Primary and Secondary , enterprises and families to promote healthy food cooking, sale, and intake to pave the way to reduce obesity and its RMDs prevalence — Thus, for behavior change, it is necessary to draw out a joint projects of research institutions and the Health Ministries to schools, enterprises and families to promote healthy food intake to reduce obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
TS, DM, VZ-P, DB, AP, and RG conceptualized the topic, researched and analyzed the literature, wrote the manuscript, and including interpretation. PF, GM, PH, MV, RF, EC, and VN contributed with draft and interpretation and revised the manuscript critically for intellectual content. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript, ensure the accuracy and integrity of the work, and agree to be accountable for all appearance.
This study was financed in part by the CAPES-finance code The study was also supported by research grants from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-CNPq.
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers.
Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. We thank the Graduate Program in Material Sciences, Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, and the Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS for support.
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Life Sci. In particular, they can promote the growth of bifidobacteria, and fight off salmonella, E. coli, and C.
As well, polyphenols have been shown effective in managing a number of digestive disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases and peptic ulcers. In general, you can get polyphenols from most plant-based foods.
In particular, though, the following foods are particularly rich in them:. Polyphenol supplements may interact with certain prescription medications though, so be mindful of that.
Whether or not polyphenols are right for you is a more complex question than for certain other health supplements. Marnie Luck, ND, possesses an academic background from McGill University and the Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine.
With distinctive certifications in pelvic floor therapy and menopause management, she combines her expertise to provide comprehensive naturopathic care.
Annex Naturopathic Clinic is committed to creating high quality and medically reviewed content to help educate readers on subjects related to their health and wellness.
Here is how we achieve this goal:. Writing: Our content is meticulously researched and written by our practitioners who source details from highly-respected databases, academic journals, and scientific articles in the field of medicine and healthcare.
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Health Benefits Of Polyphenols By:. Article contents. Some of them are simple enough to understand. What on Earth are these things? The answers to those questions are for another article. Read on to find out more.
What Are Polyphenols? Polyphenols are organic chemicals that come from a number of different plant-based foods. Quercetin, for example, is one of the better known polyphenols. Other polyphenols include: Curcumin Kaempferol Catechins Lignans Capsaicin Anthocyanins Health Benefits Of Polyphenols From a human health perspective, polyphenols offer a number of different health benefits.
As well, curcumin is well-known for its anti-inflammatory properties. May Help Regulate Body Weight Losing weight is an ongoing concern in modern society.
It seems like polyphenols may hold a solution for weight loss. Adipocytes are cells your body uses to store fat.
BMC Medicine volume 20Article aand Cite this Pooyphenols. Metrics Polyyphenols. Mediterranean MED diet is a Polyphenols and weight loss source of polyphenols, Wejght benefit adiposity by several mechanisms. In the month Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial PoLyphenols UnproceSsed DIRECT-PLUS weight-loss trial, participants were randomized to A healthy dietary guidelines HDGB MED, or C green-MED diets, all combined with physical activity. We used magnetic resonance imaging MRI to quantify the abdominal adipose tissues.
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