Discover the benefits of mindfulness Deep Breathing techniques. Sleep is essential for the health of your body and brain. Good sleep helps strengthen your immune system. Adults should try for at seven to eight hours of sleep a day.

Children and teens need more sleep. A healthful diet is important to a healthy immune system. An eating plan that focuses on plants, fiber, protein and healthful fats can help you feel better and heal faster.

Protein also is essential to a body that is healing. Some of the best foods to boost immunity contain probiotics, live bacteria and yeasts that are good for your gut health , and digestive system.

Probiotics can be found in fermented and cultured foods. Look on the food label for "live active cultures". Some foods that contain probiotics are:. If you want to explore taking a probiotic supplement, talk to your health care provider.

A variety of options are available in the vitamin section of grocery and natural food stores. Eating a healthy, balanced diet can help keep you well. Eat a rainbow of vegetables and fruits daily to ensure you're getting a variety of nutrients.

Lean proteins and complex carbohydrates, like brown rice and quinoa, are also part of a healthy diet. Reduce how much you consume of processed foods, sugar and beverages that have few nutrients such as soda and alcoholic drinks.

This helps to circulate your blood and improve the flow of lymphatic fluid. Lymphatic fluid travels through your cells and tissues and removes bacteria, toxins, waste products and even cancer cells. Women tend to worry a lot more than men do.

Plus, we usually end up taking care of other people more than we take care of ourselves. This creates chronic stress levels, which decrease the supply of killer immune cells that help our bodies fight infection. Manage stress through mindfulness training , which can help you gain new perspective on the stressors in your life so they are not so debilitating.

Get a good night's rest. Taking valerian root or melatonin before bed can improve your sleep quality. Try to sleep at least seven to eight hours each night. Insufficient sleep increases inflammation and lowers your ability to fight infection.

Animal studies have found that deficiencies in zinc , selenium , iron , copper, folic acid , and vitamins A , B6 , C , D , and E can alter immune responses. Epidemiological studies find that those who are poorly nourished are at greater risk of bacterial, viral, and other infections.

Eating a good quality diet, as depicted by the Healthy Eating Plate, can prevent deficiencies in these nutrients. However, there are certain populations and situations in which one cannot always eat a variety of nutritious foods, or who have increased nutrient needs. In these cases a vitamin and mineral supplement may help to fill nutritional gaps.

Studies have shown that vitamin supplementation can improve immune responses in these groups. The elderly are a particularly high-risk group. The immune response generally declines with increasing age as the number and quality of immune cells decreases.

This causes a higher risk of poorer outcomes if the elderly develop chronic or acute diseases. In addition, about one-third of elderly in industrialized countries have nutrient deficiencies.

Diet variety may also be limited due to budget constraints or lower interest in cooking for one person; poor dentition; mental impairment; or lack of transportation and community resources to obtain healthy food.

Megadose supplements many times the RDA do not appear justified, and can sometimes be harmful or even suppress the immune system e. Remember that vitamin supplements should not be considered a substitute for a good diet because no supplements contain all the benefits of healthful foods.

Several herbal supplements have been suggested to boost immune function. What does the research say? Diet Review: Anti-Inflammatory Diet. Food Safety, Nutrition, and Wellness during COVID Ask the Expert: The role of diet and nutritional supplements during COVID The contents of this website are for educational purposes and are not intended to offer personal medical advice.

You should seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website.

The Nutrition Source does not recommend or endorse any products. Skip to content The Nutrition Source. The Nutrition Source Menu. Search for:. Home Nutrition News What Should I Eat? What Is Our Immune System? These barriers include: Skin that keeps out the majority of pathogens Mucus that traps pathogens Stomach acid that destroys pathogens Enzymes in our sweat and tears that help create anti-bacterial compounds Immune system cells that attack all foreign cells entering the body Adaptive or acquired immunity is a system that learns to recognize a pathogen.

Other conditions that trigger an immune response Antigens are substances that the body labels as foreign and harmful, which triggers immune cell activity. What factors can depress our immune system? Older age: As we age, our internal organs may become less efficient; immune-related organs like the thymus or bone marrow produce less immune cells needed to fight off infections.

Aging is sometimes associated with micronutrient deficiencies, which may worsen a declining immune function. Environmental toxins smoke and other particles contributing to air pollution, excessive alcohol : These substances can impair or suppress the normal activity of immune cells.

Excess weight: Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Fat tissue produces adipocytokines that can promote inflammatory processes. Chronic diseases: Autoimmune and immunodeficiency disorders attack and potentially disable immune cells.

Chronic mental stress: Stress releases hormones like cortisol that suppresses inflammation inflammation is initially needed to activate immune cells and the action of white blood cells.

Lack of sleep and rest: Sleep is a time of restoration for the body , during which a type of cytokine is released that fights infection; too little sleep lowers the amount of these cytokines and other immune cells. Does an Immune-Boosting Diet Exist?

Prioritizing sleep, staying hydrated, and eating nourishing foods are just a few ways to support your immune system and reduce your risk of certain illnesses.

If you want to boost your immune health, you may wonder how to help your body fight off illnesses. In a study in healthy adults, those who slept fewer than 6 hours each night were more likely to catch a cold than those who slept 6 hours or more each night 1. Getting adequate rest may strengthen your natural immunity.

Also, you may sleep more when sick to allow your immune system to better fight the illness 2. Adults should aim to get 7 or more hours of sleep each night, while teens need 8—10 hours and younger children and infants up to 14 hours 3.

Other sleep hygiene tips include sleeping in a completely dark room or using a sleep mask, going to bed at the same time every night, and exercising regularly 3.

Inadequate sleep may increase your risk of getting sick. Most adults should get at least 7 hours of sleep per night. Whole plant foods like fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes are rich in nutrients and antioxidants that may give you an upper hand against harmful pathogens.

The antioxidants in these foods help decrease inflammation by combatting unstable compounds called free radicals, which can cause inflammation when they build up in your body in high levels 5.

Meanwhile, the fiber in plant foods feeds your gut microbiome, or the community of healthy bacteria in your gut. A robust gut microbiome can improve your immunity and help keep harmful pathogens from entering your body via your digestive tract 6.

Furthermore, fruits and vegetables are rich in nutrients like vitamin C , which may reduce the duration of the common cold 7. Several whole plant foods contain antioxidants, fiber, and vitamin C, all of which may lower your susceptibility to illness.

Although low-level inflammation is a normal response to stress or injury, chronic inflammation can suppress your immune system 8. Olive oil, which is highly anti-inflammatory, is linked to a decreased risk of chronic diseases like heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

Plus, its anti-inflammatory properties may help your body fight off harmful disease-causing bacteria and viruses 9 , Omega-3 fatty acids , such as those in salmon and chia seeds, fight inflammation as well Healthy fats like olive oil and omega-3s are highly anti-inflammatory.

Since chronic inflammation can suppress your immune system, these fats may naturally combat illnesses. Fermented foods are rich in beneficial bacteria called probiotics, which populate your digestive tract Research suggests that a flourishing network of gut bacteria can help your immune cells differentiate between normal, healthy cells and harmful invader organisms In a 3-month study in children, those who drank just 2.

In a day study in people infected with rhinovirus, those who supplemented with probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis had a stronger immune response and lower levels of the virus in their nasal mucus than a control group Gut health and immunity are deeply interconnected.

Fermented foods and probiotics may bolster your immune system by helping it identify and target harmful pathogens.

Emerging research suggests that added sugars and refined carbs may contribute disproportionately to overweight and obesity 16 , According to an observational study in around 1, people, people with obesity who were administered the flu vaccine were twice as likely to still get the flu than individuals without obesity who received the vaccine Curbing your sugar intake can decrease inflammation and aid weight loss, thus reducing your risk of chronic health conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease 19 , Given that obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease can all weaken your immune system, limiting added sugars is an important part of an immune-boosting diet 18 , 21 , This equals about 2 tablespoons 25 grams of sugar for someone on a 2,calorie diet.

Added sugars contribute significantly to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease, all of which can suppress your immune system. Lowering your sugar intake may decrease inflammation and your risk of these conditions.

Although prolonged intense exercise can suppress your immune system, moderate exercise can give it a boost. Studies indicate that even a single session of moderate exercise can boost the effectiveness of vaccines in people with compromised immune systems Examples of moderate exercise include brisk walking , steady bicycling, jogging, swimming, and light hiking.

Most people should aim for at least minutes of moderate exercise per week Moderate exercise can reduce inflammation and promote the healthy turnover of immune cells. Jogging, biking, walking, swimming, and hiking are great options. Dehydration can cause headaches and hinder your physical performance, focus, mood, digestion, and heart and kidney function.

These complications can increase your susceptibility to illness To prevent dehydration, you should drink enough fluid daily to make your urine pale yellow. You may need more fluids if you exercise intensely, work outside, or live in a hot climate Older adults need to drink regularly even if they do not feel thirsty.

Relieving stress and anxiety is key to immune health. Long-term stress promotes inflammation, as well as imbalances in immune cell function 7 , 9. In particular, prolonged psychological stress can suppress the immune response in children Activities that may help you manage your stress include meditation , exercise, journaling, yoga, and other mindfulness practices.

You may also benefit from seeing a licensed counselor or therapist, whether virtually or in person. Lowering your stress levels through meditation, yoga, exercise, and other practices can help keep your immune system functioning properly. Thus, you should only purchase supplements that have been independently tested by third-party organizations like United States Pharmacopeia USP , NSF International, and ConsumerLab.

Though some supplements may fight viral infections, none have been proven to be effective against COVID Taking supplements on top of a healthy diet does not add much to your immune system. Note that most supplements are not superior to the nutrients you can get from food.

Studies show the immune system is very responsive to exercise. Exercise and immune regulation are interrelated and affect each other. Exercise changes immune regulation by affecting cells and has anti-inflammatory effects.

Sleep loss reduces natural killer cell activity, which increases the risk for cancer and viral infections; generates production of inflammatory cytokines, which increases the risk for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders; and reduces production of antibodies, which increases the risk for infections.

Stress of all sorts—psychological and physical—directly weakens parts of your immune system, increasing risk for infections or reactivation of viruses inside you. Shingles, a painful rash that arises from the reactivated chickenpox virus, often flares up when people are experiencing chronic stress.

Stress can also cause "patrols" in your immune system—certain cells that tell the immune system to wind down an attack—to fail. When this happens, too much inflammation can occur.

Vaccines, also called immunizations, teach the immune system to make antibodies that fight off infections before they make you sick. Taking zinc supplements at the beginning of a respiratory infection can reduce the severity and duration of symptoms.

Ask your doctor to recommend brands and appropriate dose for you. Joshua Milner, MD , is director of the Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology and professor of pediatrics at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons.

He is a leader in the field of discovery and immunopathogenesis of genetic diseases that lead to allergic symptoms. What You Really Need to Do to Boost Your Immunity. October 20, Share this page Share on Facebook Share on X formerly Twitter Share on LinkedIn Share by email. Weak immune systems It is almost never the case that your immune system is completely weak, says Milner.

How to know if your immune system is weak or strong Unfortunately, most people find out that one part of their immune system is weak when they get an infection. How to boost your immune system Scientists are studying direct connections between lifestyle choices and strong immune systems.

How to keep your immune system strong Milner recommends: Eat as many fresh fruits and vegetables as you can, every day. Stay physically active with walks and exercise.