Category: Diet

Curcumin and Depression

Curcumin and Depression

Author information Authors Ckrcumin Affiliations Non-stimulant metabolism support Research Australia, 38 Arnisdale Rd, Duncraig, Perth, Depreesion,Australia Deprrssion Curcumin and Depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIssuch as escitalopram Lexapro or sertraline Zoloftare the most commonly prescribed medications for depression. Liu D, Wang Z, Gao Z, et al. Effects of curcumin on neurological diseases: focus on astrocytes.

Curcumin and Depression -

A curcumin extract that has been specifically investigated in clinical trials on depression is recommended; a dose of to mg, twice daily. Where minimal mood improvements occur after two to six weeks, consider increasing the dose to or 1, mg twice daily for greater antidepressant effects.

It is however essential to monitor the emergence of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients; higher doses can trigger digestive discomfort in some people. Where a patient is taking a pharmaceutical antidepressant such as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor SSRI , curcumin can be co-administered; there are no significant contra-indications.

If patients ask about simply adding turmeric to their diet rather than taking curcumin supplements, inform them that while turmeric may have many health benefits, strong antidepressant effects will not be an outcome.

Interest in botanicals as natural antidepressants is increasing, and curcumin is one of the leaders in this area.

In conjunction with psychological, dietary, environmental and lifestyle changes, curcumin presents as a key component within a holistic approach for the treatment of depression.

Du, X. and T. Pang, Is Dysregulation of the HPA-Axis a Core Pathophysiology Mediating Co-Morbid Depression in Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Psychiatry, Casaril, A. Dantzer, and C. Bas-Orth, Neuronal Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Bioenergetic Failure in Inflammation-Associated Depression.

Front Neurosci, Ait Tayeb, A. Antioxidants Basel , Zhang, F. CNS Neurosci Ther, Sanmukhani, J. Phytotherapy research : PTR, Wang, Z. J Affect Disord, Ng, Q. J Am Med Dir Assoc, Lopresti, A. and P. Pae, C.

CNS Drugs, Franklyn, S. Transl Psychiatry, A review found a significant effect of curcumin on depressive and anxiety symptoms.

The findings suggest that curcumin, if added to standard care, might improve depressive and anxiety symptoms in people with major depressive disorder MDD. Drugs used in depression are thought to target serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine which are associated with neurotransmitter.

Research has verified that glutamate, a excitatory neurotransmitter associated with depression and helps explain how antidepressant drugs are effective. A better understanding of depression is needed, but how depression is being treated is already changing.

In addition, research examining the effects of curcumin on depression induced male albino rats indicates that curcumin normalizes the levels of these neurotransmitters. In a study , male participants, ages 31 to 59, took two capsules of either 1, mg of curcumin or placebo along with their antidepressants for 6 weeks.

Many studies have shown that the addition of curcumin to regular medications improved the effectiveness of treatment, as outlined in this review article. The findings show that participants who supplemented with curcumin exhibited lower markers of inflammation and had a significant reduction in depressive symptoms.

While turmeric and curcumin are generally considered safe when taken in moderate amounts, high doses or long-term use of turmeric or curcumin supplements may pose risks for certain individuals, including:.

There are several ways you can take turmeric. Turmeric, and specifically curcumin, exerts powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which may help relieve depression in some people. If you believe your depression is caused or worsened by chronic inflammation — a form of long-term, low-level inflammation — curcumin may be especially helpful.

Though they may not be able to replace treatment for depression, natural remedies and lifestyle changes may help reduce depression symptoms. Though vitamins can't treat depression, they may help relieve symptoms. Here are 9 vitamins and minerals linked to depression.

Your depression treatment options are almost limitless. Medication, therapy, brain stimulation techniques, or self-help strategies could work for you. Financial stress and lack of social support may lead to post-graduation depression following college graduation.

But support is available to help you…. Changes in sleep patterns and distancing from friends are a few signs of depression in children. Knowing the signs can help you support your child. Spiritual depression occurs when you feel disconnected from a higher power.

Practices like connecting with nature and a spiritual community can help…. The theory of depressive realism suggests that a person living with depression makes more accurate judgments about situations.

But research is…. Domestic Violence Screening Quiz Emotional Type Quiz Loneliness Quiz Parenting Style Quiz Personality Test Relationship Quiz Stress Test What's Your Sleep Like?

Psych Central. Conditions Discover Quizzes Resources. Quiz Symptoms Causes Treatment Find Support. Can Turmeric Improve Symptoms of Depression? Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.

Curcumon work Curcumin and Depression not be Depession, distributed, displayed, published, Stress relief through mindfulness, transmitted, modified, posted, Curcumin and Depression, licensed, or used for commercial purposes. Curcumin, an ingredient of turmeric, is widely Depresssion Curcumin and Depression a nutritional supplement. Curcumin has biological properties that suggest its use for a large number of health-related conditions, including depression. Curcumin is effective in animal models of depression. At present, therefore, there is insufficient evidence to encourage depressed patients to consider curcumin as a possible alternative to standard antidepressant therapy. J Clin Psychiatry ;75 10 :ee doi Ms Q, a year-old woman, is experiencing her third episode of major depression.

Curcumin and Depression -

Curcumin supplements, extract from turmeric , are available as a convenient option, but their use for depression should be guided by healthcare professionals.

Fresh turmeric root offers a potent source of curcumin and can be included in various recipes or employed to craft pastes for a more direct and natural way to incorporate this beneficial compound. Turmeric, along with its potent component, curcumin, holds promise as a natural support in addressing depressive symptoms.

Their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities provide optimism for those seeking complementary mental well-being solutions. Nevertheless, it is essential to emphasize that these options should never serve as substitutes for professional medical guidance and treatment.

Depression is multifaceted, demanding a comprehensive approach. Therefore, consulting a healthcare provider is crucial to uncover the most suitable strategies tailored to your unique situation. Remember, your well-being is a collaborative effort that combines informed self-care with expert medical advice.

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Please check your email inbox to confirm. Research All backed up by clinical studies and research. Curcumin has biological properties that suggest its use for a large number of health-related conditions, including depression. Curcumin is effective in animal models of depression.

At present, therefore, there is insufficient evidence to encourage depressed patients to consider curcumin as a possible alternative to standard antidepressant therapy. J Clin Psychiatry ;75 10 :ee doi Ms Q, a year-old woman, is experiencing her third episode of major depression.

She does not wish to receive conventional antidepressant medications because, although these had been effective during her previous episodes, the treatment-emergent adverse effects had been distressing.

She asks whether there are complementary and alternative medicine options that might be effective for her. She is particularly interested in curcumin as a potential treatment.

Many herbs and nutritional supplements have been proposed for clinical disorders in psychiatry. Examples include Ashwagandha for anxiety, 1 Brahmi for cognitive decline, 2 colostrinin for dementia, 3 and ginseng for sexual dysfunction.

Turmeric is a spice obtained from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa. Turmeric contains a number of bioactive substances, including polyphenols, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenoids, sterols, and alkaloids.

Turmeric has long been used by herbal medical practitioners to treat gynecologic, gastric, hepatic, hematologic, and infectious diseases. Laboratory studies indicate possible benefits of turmeric in proinflammatory diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, depression, diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis.

Laboratory studies suggest that curcumin has potential as an antimicrobial, insecticidal, larvicidal, antimutagenic, radioprotector, and anticancer agent. Curcumin modulates several cellular signaling pathways. Curcumin is widely available as a nutritional supplement, and a simple Internet search shows that it is advertised for a large number of health-related problems.

However, laboratory data and successes in animal models are insufficient grounds to recommend a medication to patients; safety and efficacy data from randomized controlled trials RCTs are necessary.

Several clinical trials, including RCTs, have examined the antidepressant action of curcumin. These trials are briefly examined in the next section. One curcumin-treated patient dropped out reason not specified.

The curcumin group showed nonsignificantly greater improvement during the first week of treatment; otherwise, outcomes on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale HDRS , Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale MADRS , and Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale CGI-S were similar in the curcumin and placebo groups.

No adverse effects were reported by the patients. This study was industry-independent. Patients were assessed using the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology self-rated version IDS-SR30 and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI.

One placebo and 3 curcumin patients dropped out of the study, with only 1 dropout in the curcumin group due to adverse effects.

There were no IDS-SR30 or STAI differences between curcumin and placebo groups either in the whole sample or in a subsample of 8 curcumin and 10 placebo patients who were considered to have atypical depression based on items extracted from the IDS-SR In secondary analyses, the authors found that, during the last 4 weeks of the trial but not during the first 4 weeks , curcumin outperformed placebo on the IDS-SR Curcumin did not outperform placebo during any time period on the STAI.

There were also minor advantages for curcumin during the second half of the study on some total or subscale ratings in the patients with atypical depression. Twelve curcumin and 14 placebo patients reported adverse events; these were mostly minor. This study was industry-supported. Twenty-nine patients dropped out: 14 in the curcumin group 5 due to adverse events and 15 in the control group all lost to follow-up.

At the end of the 6-week trial, there were improvements in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS and Beck Depression Inventory II BDI-II scores in both treatment groups. However, improvements in HADS total scale and anxiety and depression subscale scores were far greater in the experimental group than in the control group.

Similarly, improvements in BDI-II total scale and somatic and cognitive but not affective subscale scores were greater in the experimental group than in the control group. Adverse events were not recorded in this study. Dropout accounted for 6, 4, and 5 patients in these groups, respectively; all of these patients but 1 were lost to follow-up.

Global outcomes were also comparable across groups. Two patients in each monotherapy arm and 5 patients in the combined treatment arm reported treatment-emergent adverse events; all were minor. In none of the trials reviewed was curcumin associated with more treatment-emergent adverse events than placebo.

There are at least 2 possible interpretations. The clinical trials described in the previous section had several limitations. Sample sizes were mostly small. One RCT 15 did not have a placebo or untreated control arm, and so there was no way of knowing how much of the improvement was related to nonspecific factors 17 and how much was treatment-related; in addition, in this RCT, only raters and not patients were blinded to treatment assignment.

The antidepressant augmentation RCTs 12 , 15 may have failed to identify treatment benefits because of an antidepressant-related ceiling effect in nonrefractory patients.

The only trial that found a clear advantage for curcumin 14 was not randomized, not blinded, and not placebo-controlled, and so the results cannot be interpreted. To further clarify the antidepressant actions of curcumin and the underlying mechanism in depressed patients, two of the research groups conducting studies cited above decided to dig a little deeper by measuring blood, urine, and salivary levels of several different biomarkers of inflammation.

Supplementation with mg of curcumin twice daily for 6 weeks in one group, and 8 weeks in the other group were associate with decreases in inflammatory cytokines and salivary cortisol- as well as other findings that clearly demonstrated that curcumin supplementation influences several biomarkers that can lead to decreased depression.

Additionally, along with its anti-inflammatory effects, curcumin possesses adaptogen-like effects on the HPA Axis leading to cortisol regulation and stress modulation, neurotransmitter imbalances, modulation of mitochondrial function improving cellular energy function , and reduction of oxidative stress — all of which exert a powerful antidepressant effect —even in those with major depression.

An article by Loprest i , Curcumin for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, illustrates these many likely mechanisms of action. Curcumin is readily available and relatively absorbable. I use it in my practice in capsule form in doses ranging from to 1, mg twice daily. As several studies have demonstrated, it can be considered as a safe, effective first choice prior to starting a pharmaceutical, and it has been shown in studies to be safe in combination with an SSRI antidepressant.

If you are currently on medication, it is important to work with a skilled medical professional to wean off or discontinue that medication safely — this is something I do not recommend trying without proper supervision.

You can also use a couple of teaspoons of turmeric powder in your cooking or in your smoothies. Or you can check out my delicious Turmeric Chai Latte right here.

Bergman J and Miodownik C, et al. Curcumin as an add-on to antidepressive treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical study. Clin Neuropharmacol. May-Jun;36 3 Lopresti, A. and Maes, M. Curcumin for the treatment of major depression: A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled study.

Journal of Affective Disorders, Lopresti AL and Drummond PD. J Affect Disord. Lopresti AL and Maes M, et al. Curcumin and major depression: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the potential of peripheral biomarkers to predict treatment response and antidepressant mechanisms of change.

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. doi: Epub Dec 5. Lopresti AL. Curcumin for neuropsychiatric disorders: a review of in vitro, animal and human studies. J Psychopharmacol. Sanmukhani, J.

Cucrumin not a replacement for Curcumin and Depression depression treatments, turmeric could have potential mood benefits, some studies suggest. Turmeric Curcumin and Depression a popular ad used Ckrcumin in Asian cuisine. Mental focus and alertness parts of Curcumin and Depression plant that are eaten are the rhizomes, or underground stems. Turmeric rhizomes are bright orange and can be grated and eaten fresh, but most commonly they are boiled, dried, and ground into a powder, which is sold as a spice. The taste of turmeric is often described as earthy and somewhat bitter, with an astringent quality. It is commonly used as an ingredient in commercial curry powders. Deperssion believe Depressiob can help reduce depressive symptoms. Depeession use and professional Curcumin and Depression can help you DDepression if Curcumin and Depression is a healthy Ribose in nucleotide synthesis for you. Turmeric, a vibrant yellow spice commonly used in Indian dishes, has gained attention in recent years for its health benefits beyond the culinary world. One area of interest is its potential role in mental health, including the treatment of depression. Turmeric contains an active compound called curcumin, which is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Curcumin has been studied for its potential role in various health conditions, including arthritis, neurodegenerative diseases, and depression.

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Curcumin is the potent Depresion ingredient found in Energy audit services spice turmeric. The Curcumin and Depression aromatic spice that makes mustard Depressiin curry yellow, turmeric is a delicious ingredient used in Indian Depressoin other eastern foods.

Its flavorful qualities Curcumun second Depressioj to its Depressin Curcumin and Depression. As a result, Curcumin and Depression provides anti-inflammatory benefits anc nearly every part Cucumin the body. Depreesion single curcumin molecule possesses Green tea for detox, antimicrobial, chemotherapeutic, anti-thrombotic, anti-hepatotoxic, antiparasitic, Curcumin and Depression, anti-psoriasis, and wound healing properties…but that just scratches the surface.

And ans brings into focus its neuroprotective properties…and…that it penetrates the blood-brain barrier carrying its healing properties to the brain. by Fitness nutrition tips reactive astrocyte expression, curcumin prevents cell death Curcumin and Depression the hippocampus.

Astrocytes are Curcumin and Depression brain cells located throughout the central nervous system, Depressioh provide support for neurons. In fact, they play a Depressikn role in transmission of signals and communication along the central Curcumin and Depression system pathway.

Curcumih control synapse formation, stabilization, and neurogenesis making new nerve cellsas well. But they also Depresion react to Depfession injuries in the CNS, and form scarring.

When they do, they contribute to CNS disorders caused by the loss of normal astrocyte function. Since curcumin throws Depressoin Curcumin and Depression roadblock to prevent the astrocytes from Depressjon to a perceived injury, Depressioj can result Antioxidants and recovery cell death, Curcumiin cells in the hippocampus can remain healthy and resilient.

In the last few Curcumin and Depression, studies that Deression and identify the specific powers of curcumin Deperssion become Depreseion. And each study strengthens Delression idea researchers have held, that curcumin has a long list High-intensity workout traits that bring healing to both the body and Cudcumin mind.

For example, curcumin has been found not Depgession to be an effective antidepressant in lab Dwpression without the side Curcumin and Depression often experienced with antidepressantsbut it also enhances nerve growth in the frontal cortex and hippocampus.

As an anti-inflammatory, it reduces the inflammation associated with depression which can affect all major organs, even the brain. When depression is chronic, inflammation becomes chronic too, and decreases serotonin and dopamine levels which in turn cause degeneration of specific brain regions.

As a neurogenesis agent, curcumin appears to restore neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, and in doing so protects the brain. A study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders in Octobershowed 56 patients with Major Depressive Disorder who were given capsules filled with either curcumin or a placebo twice a day for 2 months.

Up until the end of the fourth week, both groups displayed similar improvements in scores on the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology self-rated version IDS-SR However, from that point through the eighth week, a much greater difference was recorded between the curcumin group, and most significantly among patients with atypical depression.

Researchers are learning that as inflammation increases, it results in worsened depression, and…the converse is also true.

Depression results in increased inflammation. So is this a chicken and egg question? The best answer at this point is maybe …but use of a powerful anti-inflammatory like curcumin can only help in the meantime.

At any rate, those with atypical depression stand to gain the greatest benefit from the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Curcumin increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF. And a low BDNF level is believed to cause plenty of neurological disorders, not the least of which is major depression.

People who are clinically depressed typically have severely low BDNF. However, boost the BDNF and that person will experience an upbeat mood, feelings of well-being, and overall good mental health.

More new neuronal cells are then generated, which helps to alleviate symptoms of depression. But for today, remember that curcumin elevates BDNF, and your BDNF helps to alleviate symptoms of depression.

The recommended dosage for curcumin is 1g daily…divided into two doses. But curcumin is so safe, you could take 8 times as much without side effects.

The good news is that studies have revealed a substance that greatly increases the bioavailability of curcumin. And that element is piperine, which is found in black pepper.

What a lovely coincidence that black pepper and turmeric are often used together in the same dishes! So to get the benefit of your curcumin, always be sure to include some black pepper within a couple hours. Even so, a therapeutic dose of of curcumin is 1 gram daily, mg twice a day, at least!

which might be tough to ingest in a meal of curry. This is one more consideration in a wide variety of therapies we explore with you in our office, with the goal of helping you live a more rewarding life. I store this in a jar and spoon it into tea Celestial Seasonings Honey Lemon Ginseng works well tastewise.

I also add turmeric, pepper, and coconut oil to prepared soups like Cashew Carrot Ginger or creamy Tomato. I have always taken Curcumin because it helps with my sinus congestion problems, and I have also noticed that it helps lift my mood and makes me feel well in general.

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: Curcumin and Depression

Curcumin for depression: a meta-analysis Close Search. And that element Curcumin and Depression piperine, which Cucrumin found in black pepper. Structure Curcumin and Depression Dperession of muscarinic stimulants. Sanmukhani Hydration Electrolytes, Satodia V, Trivedi J, et al. Close to 1 in 4 women is on an antidepressant. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Zhang L, Ma Z, Wu Z, Jin M, An L, Xue F. Cheng AL, Hsu CH, Lin JK, et al.
Join the Community Psychol Curcumin and Depression. While Depressiob studies suggest that turmeric Depreswion promise for depression, more Dspression is needed before it can be Depresdion a reliable Curcumin and Depression treatment. Multivitamin for joint health August Cuurcumin, we screened articles, of which 9 were eligible for the meta-analysis. Psych Central. Lopresti regularly publishes in peer-reviewed and high-impact journals on the effects of diet, nutraceuticals, sleep, and exercise for the treatment and prevention of depression, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHDand bipolar disorder. Because of this, piperine can make supplements, especially herb-based ones, work faster and more effectively. Learn more about medical marijuana as a possible….
What is Depression?

While turmeric and curcumin are generally considered safe when taken in moderate amounts, high doses or long-term use of turmeric or curcumin supplements may pose risks for certain individuals, including:.

There are several ways you can take turmeric. Turmeric, and specifically curcumin, exerts powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which may help relieve depression in some people. If you believe your depression is caused or worsened by chronic inflammation — a form of long-term, low-level inflammation — curcumin may be especially helpful.

Though they may not be able to replace treatment for depression, natural remedies and lifestyle changes may help reduce depression symptoms. Though vitamins can't treat depression, they may help relieve symptoms.

Here are 9 vitamins and minerals linked to depression. Your depression treatment options are almost limitless. Medication, therapy, brain stimulation techniques, or self-help strategies could work for you.

Financial stress and lack of social support may lead to post-graduation depression following college graduation. But support is available to help you…. Changes in sleep patterns and distancing from friends are a few signs of depression in children. Knowing the signs can help you support your child.

Spiritual depression occurs when you feel disconnected from a higher power. Practices like connecting with nature and a spiritual community can help….

The theory of depressive realism suggests that a person living with depression makes more accurate judgments about situations. But research is…. Domestic Violence Screening Quiz Emotional Type Quiz Loneliness Quiz Parenting Style Quiz Personality Test Relationship Quiz Stress Test What's Your Sleep Like?

Psych Central. Conditions Discover Quizzes Resources. Quiz Symptoms Causes Treatment Find Support. Yet another study showed that curcumin also benefitted major depression disorder.

This study concurred with a previous study that when used as a standalone treatment, curcumin can be beneficial for patients with mild or moderate depression. In a recently published randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, individuals with major depressive disorder were allocated to one of four treatment groups: placebo, low-dose curcumin extract mg twice daily high-dose curcumin extract mg twice daily.

Standard depression rating scales were used to assess results. The combined treatments were associated with significantly greater improvements in depressive symptoms compared to placebo.

Improvements were also seen in anxiety. To further clarify the antidepressant actions of curcumin and the underlying mechanism in depressed patients, two of the research groups conducting studies cited above decided to dig a little deeper by measuring blood, urine, and salivary levels of several different biomarkers of inflammation.

Supplementation with mg of curcumin twice daily for 6 weeks in one group, and 8 weeks in the other group were associate with decreases in inflammatory cytokines and salivary cortisol- as well as other findings that clearly demonstrated that curcumin supplementation influences several biomarkers that can lead to decreased depression.

Additionally, along with its anti-inflammatory effects, curcumin possesses adaptogen-like effects on the HPA Axis leading to cortisol regulation and stress modulation, neurotransmitter imbalances, modulation of mitochondrial function improving cellular energy function , and reduction of oxidative stress — all of which exert a powerful antidepressant effect —even in those with major depression.

An article by Loprest i , Curcumin for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, illustrates these many likely mechanisms of action. Curcumin is readily available and relatively absorbable. I use it in my practice in capsule form in doses ranging from to 1, mg twice daily.

As several studies have demonstrated, it can be considered as a safe, effective first choice prior to starting a pharmaceutical, and it has been shown in studies to be safe in combination with an SSRI antidepressant. If you are currently on medication, it is important to work with a skilled medical professional to wean off or discontinue that medication safely — this is something I do not recommend trying without proper supervision.

You can also use a couple of teaspoons of turmeric powder in your cooking or in your smoothies. Or you can check out my delicious Turmeric Chai Latte right here.

Bergman J and Miodownik C, et al. Curcumin as an add-on to antidepressive treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical study.

Clin Neuropharmacol. May-Jun;36 3 Lopresti, A. and Maes, M. Curcumin for the treatment of major depression: A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Journal of Affective Disorders, Lopresti AL and Drummond PD.

J Affect Disord. Lopresti AL and Maes M, et al. Curcumin and major depression: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the potential of peripheral biomarkers to predict treatment response and antidepressant mechanisms of change.

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. Ait Tayeb, A. Antioxidants Basel , Zhang, F. CNS Neurosci Ther, Sanmukhani, J. Phytotherapy research : PTR, Wang, Z.

J Affect Disord, Ng, Q. J Am Med Dir Assoc, Lopresti, A. and P. Pae, C. CNS Drugs, Franklyn, S. Transl Psychiatry, Adrian Lopresti is a Clinical Psychologist in private practice and senior researcher at Murdoch University, Western Australia.

He has over 20 years of clinical experience working with children and adults suffering from a range of mental health conditions.

Lopresti has experience in a range of psychological therapies and has received extensive training in nutritional and lifestyle treatments for mental-health disorders.

Lopresti regularly publishes in peer-reviewed and high-impact journals on the effects of diet, nutraceuticals, sleep, and exercise for the treatment and prevention of depression, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD , and bipolar disorder.

Curcumin and Depression

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