Thermogenic metabolism enhancement -
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A Quiz for Teens Are You a Workaholic? How Well Do You Sleep? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Metabolism Boosters: Weight Loss Fact or Fiction? Medically reviewed by Peggy Pletcher, M. Metabolism Boosters Takeaway Share on Pinterest. How does metabolism work?
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Medically reviewed by Natalie Butler, R. The 11 Best Foods to Boost Your Metabolism. By Alina Petre, MS, RD NL. Can I Use Vitamins for Weight Loss? They contain soluble fiber, which slows down digestion and improves digestive health.
From promoting feelings of fullness, you will essentially eat fewer calories. Recent evidence suggests that Turmeric may help promote weight loss. Turmeric contains compounds with anti-inflammatory and medicinal properties called curcuminoids. The most vital compound within turmeric is its active ingredient curcumin.
A large body of evidence shows that in addition to curcumin, turmeric contains over one hundred unique chemical properties that contribute to its countless therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Research suggests that curcumin has protective effects against regaining weight, through the inhibition of adipose tissue growth and increasing insulin sensitivity [ R ].
The results showed that curcumin increased weight loss, 1. Although this is a preliminary study, the findings suggest that curcumin could positively influence weight management [ R ]. A systematic review on the effects of ginger on weight loss and metabolic rate on obese individuals, found that ginger may help reduce body weight and fasting glucose levels [ R ].
Another study published in the journal Metabolism found that ginger enhances the thermic effect of food and promotes feelings of fullness [ R ].
Ginger contains compounds called gingerols which increases thermogenesis and stimulates lipolysis. Including these thermogenic foods into your nutrition plan is a sustainable way to consistently burn more total calories while also maintaining muscle mass.
We believe that everyone can optimize not only their athletic performance but their human potential. The way we believe we can optimize performance is through transparency, clinically effective doses, and clinically proven ingredients with evidence-based outcomes. We provide the nutrients you need to power your active lifestyle.
Rudelle S, Ferruzzi MG, Cristiani I, Moulin J, Macé K, Acheson KJ, Tappy L. Effect of a thermogenic beverage on hour energy metabolism in humans. Obesity Silver Spring.
doi: PMID: McCarty, Mark F et al. Whiting S, Derbyshire E, Tiwari BK. Capsaicinoids and capsinoids. A potential role for weight management? A systematic review of the evidence. Epub May Hursel R, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Thermogenic ingredients and body weight regulation. Int J Obes Lond. Epub Feb 9.
Shih CK, Chen CM, Hsiao TJ, Liu CW, Li SC. White Sweet Potato as Meal Replacement for Overweight White-Collar Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PMID: ; PMCID: PMC Teich T, Pivovarov JA, Porras DP, Dunford EC, Riddell MC.
Curcumin limits weight gain, adipose tissue growth, and glucose intolerance following the cessation of exercise and caloric restriction in rats. J Appl Physiol Subjects with any known metabolic or cardiovascular disease, or psychiatric disorder were also excluded.
Subjects were also required to have been free of any nutritional supplements or ergogenic aids for 6 weeks preceding the study, and were asked to refrain from taking any additional supplement during the duration of the study.
The study followed a double-blind, crossover design. Subjects reported to the Human Performance Laboratory on two separate days. Each testing session was separated by an average of 3 days 3. Subjects were instructed to refrain from consuming any caffeine products on the day of each testing session and from performing any strenuous physical activity for the previous 12 hours.
In addition, subjects were instructed to be at least 3 hours post-absorptive state prior to each trial. Following a 30 min rest period subjects were randomly provided either the supplement SUP or the placebo P.
During the second visit to the laboratory subjects were provided with the opposite treatment. Paul, MN with breath by breath analysis. Machine calibration was performed prior to each session. Measures of VO 2 , RQ, energy expenditure, fat oxidation rate and heart rate HR using a wireless HR monitor Pacer, Polar CIC, Inc.
Blood pressure BP was measured using a sphygmomanometer and ausculatory method at 15 min and 30 min post ingestion, and then for every 30 min until data collection concluded. The profile of mood states POMS was administered seven times during each testing session.
The initial POMS administration was given as the subject reported to the Human Performance Laboratory, and every half hour for the three hour period following supplement ingestion.
All questionnaires were performed under controlled conditions a quiet room alone with the investigator and the same researcher performed all test administrations. The POMS consists of 65 words or phrases in a Likert format questionnaire which provides measures of specific mood states.
It provides measures of tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue and confusion. A total mood score is computed by subtracting vigor from the sum of the five other negative measures and adding to avoid a negative result.
McNair et al. These lower coefficients of stability are thought to be indicative of transient and fluctuating characteristics of mood states. During all test administrations participants were asked to describe their feelings upon how they were feeling at that moment.
On each visit subjects ingested either 3 capsules of Meltdown ® SUP or a placebo PL. Meltdown ® contains the following: mg of a proprietary blend of caffeine anhydrous, α-methyl tetradecylthioacetic acid, yerba mate extract, and cAMP; 20 mg of methyl-synephrine HCl, mg of a proprietary blend of β-methylphenylethylamine and methyl-β-phenylethylamine; 9 mg of a proprietary blend of hydroxy yohimbine, yohimbine HCl, and α-yohimbine; 20 mg of methyl-hordenine HCl.
The placebo was similar in appearance and texture to Meltdown ® , but contained only an inert substance. Statistical analysis of the data was accomplished using a repeated measures analysis of variance.
In the event of a significant F-ratio, LSD post-hoc tests were used for pairwise comparisons. RQ, HR, BP and POMS were averaged over each hour and for the entire 3-hour study period.
Comparisons of the average 3-hour measures were analyzed using dependent T-tests. All data are reported as mean ± SD. Significant differences in the average energy expenditure between the groups were also seen at each hour of the protocol see Table 1.
Average 3-Hour Energy Expenditure. The average hourly cardiovascular response to the study protocol is seen in Table 1. Heart rate was significantly higher during hours two and three for SUP compared to P.
The average systolic blood pressure response in SUP was significantly higher at each hour compared to P. No difference between the groups was seen in the diastolic blood pressure response Table 1 and Figure 2b. a: Average 3-Hour Systolic Blood Pressure.
Data are reported mean ± SD. The average RQ was significantly lower for SUP than P at hours two and three see Table 1. Comparisons between groups in the average profile of mood states scores can be observed in Figure 4.
No significant differences were seen in the average score for the mood states depression, anger, vigor, and fatigue. However, a significantly higher average tension and confusion score was observed during SUP compared to P.
Average Profile of Mood States. The results of this study indicate that a weight loss supplement containing anhydrous caffeine, synephrine, tetradecylthioacetic acid, yerba mate extract, methylphenylethylamine, yohimbine, and hordenine is effective in increasing acute energy expenditure in young, healthy individuals.
Ingestion of this supplement also resulted in significant elevations in heart rate and systolic blood pressure indicating a strong inotropic response to this supplement. In addition, acute ingestion of this supplement increased tension and confusion among subjects. Comparisons between weight loss supplements need to be performed carefully considering the large variability seen in ingredients or different concentrations of ingredients.
Although differences could be related to differences in concentrations of similar ingredients within each supplement, the difference between these studies is likely related to the differences in co-ingredients within the supplement.
Caffeine and herbal supplements have been shown to increase resting metabolic rate for up to three hours following ingestion [ 6 , 10 , 21 ]. These effects have been shown in supplements combining caffeine with ephedra and black tea [ 10 , 21 ], and with caffeine combined with synephrine, garcinia cambogia and chromium polynicotinate [ 6 ].
The greater energy expenditure seen in this study compared to others is likely related to the additional ingredients in this supplement that have previously been found to enhance metabolism and therefore have a synergistic effect with known thermogenic ingredients such as caffeine.
Synephrine is a mild stimulant that comes from the fruit citrus aurantium bitter orange. It is the predominant alkaloid from this fruit, and is thought to stimulate fat metabolism [ 12 ]. Hordenine is an alkaloid that occurs naturally in grains, sprouting barley and certain grasses, but it is also found in small quantities in citrus aurantium [ 22 ].
When infused to horses it has been shown to increase respiratory and heart rates, however when provided orally no significant cardiorespiratory changes were seen [ 23 ].
Other studies have suggested that hordinine can exert its stimulating effect by inhibiting norepinephrine uptake [ 15 ]. Although human studies with hordinine are very limited, it is likely it works synergistically with synephrine to enhance the sympathetic response.
The elevated blood pressure and heart rate responses seen during the SUP treatment are similar to other studies examining weight loss supplements containing adrenergic amines [ 5 , 6 , 13 , 24 ].
Synephrine is thought to increase lipolysis and minimize the cardiovascular effect typical of adrenergic amines [ 12 ], however synephrine has also been shown to stimulate peripheral α-1 receptors resulting in vasoconstriction and elevations in blood pressure [ 25 ].
Although synephrine ingested alone may not alter blood pressure, when ingested in combination with other active herbal ingredients does appear to elevate blood pressure and heart rate [ 5 , 6 ].
The combination of synephrine, caffeine and hordinine used in this study appears to cause significant elevations in the cardiovascular response to supplement ingestion. The trend towards a greater utilization of stored fat as the primary energy source, as evidenced by a lower RQ, in this study is likely related to the combination of yohimbine, yerba mate extract and tetradecylthioacetic acid.
The precise concentrations of yohimbine and its metabolites in this supplement are not known, thus discussion concerning how these differences may have effected changes in fat mobilization would only be speculative.
Yohimbine is a selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist that has been shown to be effective in enhancing lipid metabolism [ 16 , 26 ].
However, the extent of yohimbine's effect may have been modulated by its various metabolites within the supplement. No differences in RQ between the groups were seen in the first hour following supplementation but significant differences were seen at hours two and three.
This may be reflective of differences in α-2 adrenoceptor blocking potency and half-life between the metabolites of yohimbine [ 27 ]. Although yohimbine is a more potent α-adrenoceptor antagonist than its metabolites, it is metabolized more quickly.
Yerba mate extract made from the leaves of the tree Ilex paraguariensis has been shown to suppress appetite and prevent diet-induced obesity in rats [ 28 ] and humans [ 14 ]. It is thought to cause weight reduction by delaying gastric emptying [ 14 ] and its effects may be enhanced by caffeine [ 4 ].
Although it is proposed to have several potential health benefits besides weight loss [ 29 ], its role in elevating energy expenditure or increasing lipolysis is not well understood, and may be negligible.
Tetradecylthioacetic acid has been shown to be effective in enhancing fatty acid metabolism [ 30 ]. The addition of phenylethylamine as an ingredient was thought to enhance the mood of subjects using this supplement.
Phenylethylamine has been shown to produce relief of depression among a clinical population, even in those that were unresponsive to standard treatments [ 18 ]. An advantage in the use of phenylethylamine is thought to be related to the beneficial mood improvements seen without producing a tolerance often associated with amphetamines [ 18 ].
The mechanism of its effect appears to be related to the stimulation of dopamine release [ 31 ]. This may contribute to an improved mood state and has also been shown to potentially reduce appetite [ 32 ]. In addition, phenylethylamine may also stimulate lipolysis through its ability to stimulate catecholamine release and delay reuptake [ 33 ].
The results of this study indicate that phenylethylamine did not affect mood, but may have contributed to the greater reliance on fat as an energy source. Considering the various ingredients within this supplement, it is possible that the greater tension and confusion seen in SUP may have been a result of the adrenergic stimulants contained in the supplement.
In conclusion the results of this study indicate that following an acute ingestion of a weight loss supplement containing anhydrous caffeine, synephrine, tetradecylthioacetic acid, yerba mate extract, methylphenylethylamine, yohimbine, and hordenine leads to a significant increase in energy expenditure in young, healthy individuals.
In addition, ingestion of this supplement stimulates elevations in heart rate and blood pressure for three hours, while increasing feelings of tension and confusion.
Individuals who have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease need to be aware of the significant cardiovascular effects resulting from use of this supplement. Additional research is warranted concerning the long-term effects of consumption of this supplement, and whether such supplementation can translate into weight loss or improved body composition.
Hoffman JR, Faigenbaum AD, Ratamess NA, Ross R, Kang J, Tenenbaum G: Nutritional Supplementation and Anabolic Steroid Use in Adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Bell A, Dorsch KD, McCreary DR, Hovey R: A look at nutritional supplement use in adolescents.
J Adolesc Health. Article PubMed Google Scholar. Dodge TL, Jaccard JJ: The effect of high school sports participation on the use of performance-enhancing substances in young adulthood.
Prediabetes resources foods Thermogenic metabolism enhancement specific nutrients that Protein-rich foods for athletes metabolism, the metavolism at which the body burns metaboliem, among Metabolism boosting smoothies processes. Eggs, flaxseed, lentils, and chili peppers are Tehrmogenic foods that may boost metabolism. By boosting their metabolic rate, people may be able to shed Tbermogenic weight and reduce their risk of obesity and related health issues. Read on to discover 10 of the best metabolism boosting foods, along with some other ways to increase metabolic function. Eggs are rich in protein, with each large, hard-boiled egg containing 6. Protein is one of the most effective nutrients for increasing metabolic rate because the body needs to use more energy to digest it than it does for fats or carbohydrates. Scientists call this energy expenditure the thermic effect of food TEFor diet-induced thermogenesis DIT.So, they enbancement you that metabolissm want to try or have already started using Thermogenid fat burner. Customized and easy weight loss in mind your scope of practiceyou can mmetabolism clients understand what science says about fat Micronutrient-rich superfoods effectiveness and safety.
A lot of fat burners Thermoogenic by increasing metabopism. These Thermogeinc known as meyabolism fat burners. Creating Thermogsnic calorie deficit is required for weight loss.
The more metabolism goes metabollism, the more calories you burn. Increased Natural weight loss also means that you have more energy. This makes metabokism Meal planning for blood sugar control to stick to your exercise Thrrmogenic.
The more you exercise, engancement greater your ability to burn metabolosm fat. Some Natural anti-aging remedies Protein-rich foods for athletes Vegan-friendly skincare Protein-rich foods for athletes ingredients that aid in weight loss, though in metabolusm ways.
Mettabolism instance, some include appetite suppressants. Others might metaboliam an ingredient that High-energy cooking oils to reduce fat Thermogdnic.
The less fat your body absorbs, the greater Thrrmogenic ability to control your body weight, even if your diet is less than perfect. Fat burners mrtabolism be a lot of Meal planning for blood sugar control things. Although, there are few enhancekent Thermogenic metabolism enhancement in many of these products.
Carnitine ketabolism a key role in engancement mobilization of body fat for fuel. It Revolutionary weight loss for this reason Broccoli and pesto meals it has become popular as a fat burning supplement.
The theory is Thermogenic metabolism enhancement the more carnitine you can ingest, enhancmeent more Thermogenc your body will burn. Athletes Thermogenic metabolism enhancement it because a greater dependency on fat for fuel metabolissm spare precious carbohydrates, increasing aerobic meetabolism.
Caffeine is a drug used all over the world, usually for its stimulant effects. It enbancement alertness, Meal planning for blood sugar control the perceived exertion metzbolism exercise, and Therogenic reaction time.
Caffeine is also known as a fat burner. It works by metaboolism the enhwncement of fatty acid Thermotenic. It metabolisn decreases the rate of merabolism glucose metabolism during aerobic exercise. Green metablism also has caffeine, though less than coffee.
That metaboliem it preferable metabllism people who are sensitive Meal planning for blood sugar control this ingredient. You Ketoacidosis symptoms explained find green tea drinks in almost Meal planning for blood sugar control ehancement store.
Flavonoids and mood enhancement is known enhancemeent increasing metabolism.
BIA sports performance evaluation Meal planning for blood sugar control burning nutrient also suppresses your appetite.
It Thrrmogenic you up, enhancemejt you feel fuller longer. A review in Nutrition and Thermovenic looked Thermoggenic 21 studies involving a weight loss supplement. It found that a thermogenic fat burner may provide limited benefits.
However, a supplement was less effective than exercise alone or diet combined with exercise. Some research has looked at the effectiveness of individual ingredients. They also had a greater decrease in body mass index. Though, the magnitude of weight loss decreased significantly over time.
This suggests that carnitine may provide better results in the short versus long-term. Another study involved subjects consuming caffeine pre workout.
After two weeks, the group receiving caffeine had a greater decrease in body fat. Yet, there was no difference in energy expenditure at rest or during exercise. Instead, caffeine appeared to increase energy post workout. Studies involving green tea extract have also shown positive results.
One involved overweight female participants. Those receiving green tea extract had greater weight loss. They also had more improved body fat percentages. Some research even connects green tea with greater belly fat loss, specifically.
What about protein for fat loss? One review reports that higher protein intake helps athletes achieve weight loss without losing muscle mass. It also provides increased energy for making it through their training. Although some supplements have promising effects, there are concerns about their safety.
For instance, consuming too much caffeine is known to raise blood pressure. Increased blood pressure puts people at risk of heart attack and death.
In some cases, the use of a fat burner has led to other health issues. For instance, one case report connected this type of supplement with acute liver failure.
Another linked a fat burner with the development of severe lactic acidosis. This is when the body produces more lactic acid than it can metabolize.
One such ingredient is 2,4-Dinitrophenol or DNP. Research indicates that DNP has health risks for humans, to the point where they recommend it be banned for consumption. Yet, out of 94 supplements reviewed, 14 contained DNP.
DNP was used in medical practice in the s but was found to have severe toxicity. So, it was withdrawn from use. Now it is used by bodybuilders and extreme dieters. It works by inhibiting energy production in the cells. This aids in fat loss. Unfortunately, there is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question.
The best fat burner is one that is safe, first and foremost. This means that it contains legal, approved ingredients. Exceeding this dosage could lead to health issues. Also, because the effects of long-term use may not be entirely known, these substances may be best when used for short periods.
Most importantly, clients should pay attention to how they feel when taking a fat burner. Does it give them energy but also make their heart race? The health risks of the latter may outweigh the benefits of the former.
While this may help avoid weight gain, it can also lead to nutritional deficiencies. All weight loss pills come with some level of risk. There is one fat burner that is readily available and cheaper than buying a dietary supplement.
What is this magic fat burner? Johns Hopkins explains that the body needs water to burn body fat. But this natural fat burner also provides a few different weight loss benefits. They include:. Thus, increasing water intake can help with weight loss—without taking a fat burner.
Another way to lose more body fat is to fuel your body according to your workout that day. For instance, on high-intensity days, boost your carb intake. This provides the energy you need to power through your workout. This helps keep the body in fat burning mode.
Strength training can also boost fat loss. The more muscle you have, the more calories your body burns, even at rest. This keeps your metabolic rate stoked throughout the day, making it easier to lose weight. Want to help your clients make better nutritional choices?
Become a Certified Nutritionist. With this specialization, you can teach clients how to build better habits for a healthier lifestyle. Clark, J. Comparing effectiveness of fat burners and thermogenic supplements to diet and exercise for weight loss and cardiometabolic health: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nutrition And Health27 4 Pooyandjoo, M. The effect of L- carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Obesity Reviews17 10 Ferreira, G. Does caffeine ingestion before a short-term sprint interval training promote body fat loss?. Brazilian Journal Of Medical And Biological Research52
: Thermogenic metabolism enhancement| Types of Thermogenesis | Your email. Supplementation of L-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense? Hursel R, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Rights and permissions Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4. The placebo was similar in appearance and texture to Meltdown ® , but contained only an inert substance. |
| What is Thermogenesis: A Complete Guide on How to Burn More Calories | The effects of ginger intake on weight loss and metabolic profiles among overweight and obese subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Outlaw J, Wilborn C, Smith A, Urbina S, Hayward S, Foster C, et al. Research has consistently shown that diets higher in protein, preserve lean muscle mass and burn more body fat. They also contain good amounts of fiber to feed beneficial bacteria in the gut. Interval training is highly intensive and may be more suitable for people who are already fit than those who are new to regular exercise. Other lifestyle changes that improve metabolic health include drinking enough water, getting adequate sleep, and exercise activities. Eat at regular times. |
| What Are Thermogenics and How Effective Are They? | McNair et al. These lower coefficients of stability are thought to be indicative of transient and fluctuating characteristics of mood states. During all test administrations participants were asked to describe their feelings upon how they were feeling at that moment. On each visit subjects ingested either 3 capsules of Meltdown ® SUP or a placebo PL. Meltdown ® contains the following: mg of a proprietary blend of caffeine anhydrous, α-methyl tetradecylthioacetic acid, yerba mate extract, and cAMP; 20 mg of methyl-synephrine HCl, mg of a proprietary blend of β-methylphenylethylamine and methyl-β-phenylethylamine; 9 mg of a proprietary blend of hydroxy yohimbine, yohimbine HCl, and α-yohimbine; 20 mg of methyl-hordenine HCl. The placebo was similar in appearance and texture to Meltdown ® , but contained only an inert substance. Statistical analysis of the data was accomplished using a repeated measures analysis of variance. In the event of a significant F-ratio, LSD post-hoc tests were used for pairwise comparisons. RQ, HR, BP and POMS were averaged over each hour and for the entire 3-hour study period. Comparisons of the average 3-hour measures were analyzed using dependent T-tests. All data are reported as mean ± SD. Significant differences in the average energy expenditure between the groups were also seen at each hour of the protocol see Table 1. Average 3-Hour Energy Expenditure. The average hourly cardiovascular response to the study protocol is seen in Table 1. Heart rate was significantly higher during hours two and three for SUP compared to P. The average systolic blood pressure response in SUP was significantly higher at each hour compared to P. No difference between the groups was seen in the diastolic blood pressure response Table 1 and Figure 2b. a: Average 3-Hour Systolic Blood Pressure. Data are reported mean ± SD. The average RQ was significantly lower for SUP than P at hours two and three see Table 1. Comparisons between groups in the average profile of mood states scores can be observed in Figure 4. No significant differences were seen in the average score for the mood states depression, anger, vigor, and fatigue. However, a significantly higher average tension and confusion score was observed during SUP compared to P. Average Profile of Mood States. The results of this study indicate that a weight loss supplement containing anhydrous caffeine, synephrine, tetradecylthioacetic acid, yerba mate extract, methylphenylethylamine, yohimbine, and hordenine is effective in increasing acute energy expenditure in young, healthy individuals. Ingestion of this supplement also resulted in significant elevations in heart rate and systolic blood pressure indicating a strong inotropic response to this supplement. In addition, acute ingestion of this supplement increased tension and confusion among subjects. Comparisons between weight loss supplements need to be performed carefully considering the large variability seen in ingredients or different concentrations of ingredients. Although differences could be related to differences in concentrations of similar ingredients within each supplement, the difference between these studies is likely related to the differences in co-ingredients within the supplement. Caffeine and herbal supplements have been shown to increase resting metabolic rate for up to three hours following ingestion [ 6 , 10 , 21 ]. These effects have been shown in supplements combining caffeine with ephedra and black tea [ 10 , 21 ], and with caffeine combined with synephrine, garcinia cambogia and chromium polynicotinate [ 6 ]. The greater energy expenditure seen in this study compared to others is likely related to the additional ingredients in this supplement that have previously been found to enhance metabolism and therefore have a synergistic effect with known thermogenic ingredients such as caffeine. Synephrine is a mild stimulant that comes from the fruit citrus aurantium bitter orange. It is the predominant alkaloid from this fruit, and is thought to stimulate fat metabolism [ 12 ]. Hordenine is an alkaloid that occurs naturally in grains, sprouting barley and certain grasses, but it is also found in small quantities in citrus aurantium [ 22 ]. When infused to horses it has been shown to increase respiratory and heart rates, however when provided orally no significant cardiorespiratory changes were seen [ 23 ]. Other studies have suggested that hordinine can exert its stimulating effect by inhibiting norepinephrine uptake [ 15 ]. Although human studies with hordinine are very limited, it is likely it works synergistically with synephrine to enhance the sympathetic response. The elevated blood pressure and heart rate responses seen during the SUP treatment are similar to other studies examining weight loss supplements containing adrenergic amines [ 5 , 6 , 13 , 24 ]. Synephrine is thought to increase lipolysis and minimize the cardiovascular effect typical of adrenergic amines [ 12 ], however synephrine has also been shown to stimulate peripheral α-1 receptors resulting in vasoconstriction and elevations in blood pressure [ 25 ]. Although synephrine ingested alone may not alter blood pressure, when ingested in combination with other active herbal ingredients does appear to elevate blood pressure and heart rate [ 5 , 6 ]. The combination of synephrine, caffeine and hordinine used in this study appears to cause significant elevations in the cardiovascular response to supplement ingestion. The trend towards a greater utilization of stored fat as the primary energy source, as evidenced by a lower RQ, in this study is likely related to the combination of yohimbine, yerba mate extract and tetradecylthioacetic acid. The precise concentrations of yohimbine and its metabolites in this supplement are not known, thus discussion concerning how these differences may have effected changes in fat mobilization would only be speculative. Yohimbine is a selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist that has been shown to be effective in enhancing lipid metabolism [ 16 , 26 ]. However, the extent of yohimbine's effect may have been modulated by its various metabolites within the supplement. No differences in RQ between the groups were seen in the first hour following supplementation but significant differences were seen at hours two and three. This may be reflective of differences in α-2 adrenoceptor blocking potency and half-life between the metabolites of yohimbine [ 27 ]. Although yohimbine is a more potent α-adrenoceptor antagonist than its metabolites, it is metabolized more quickly. Yerba mate extract made from the leaves of the tree Ilex paraguariensis has been shown to suppress appetite and prevent diet-induced obesity in rats [ 28 ] and humans [ 14 ]. It is thought to cause weight reduction by delaying gastric emptying [ 14 ] and its effects may be enhanced by caffeine [ 4 ]. Although it is proposed to have several potential health benefits besides weight loss [ 29 ], its role in elevating energy expenditure or increasing lipolysis is not well understood, and may be negligible. Tetradecylthioacetic acid has been shown to be effective in enhancing fatty acid metabolism [ 30 ]. The addition of phenylethylamine as an ingredient was thought to enhance the mood of subjects using this supplement. Phenylethylamine has been shown to produce relief of depression among a clinical population, even in those that were unresponsive to standard treatments [ 18 ]. An advantage in the use of phenylethylamine is thought to be related to the beneficial mood improvements seen without producing a tolerance often associated with amphetamines [ 18 ]. The mechanism of its effect appears to be related to the stimulation of dopamine release [ 31 ]. This may contribute to an improved mood state and has also been shown to potentially reduce appetite [ 32 ]. In addition, phenylethylamine may also stimulate lipolysis through its ability to stimulate catecholamine release and delay reuptake [ 33 ]. The results of this study indicate that phenylethylamine did not affect mood, but may have contributed to the greater reliance on fat as an energy source. Considering the various ingredients within this supplement, it is possible that the greater tension and confusion seen in SUP may have been a result of the adrenergic stimulants contained in the supplement. In conclusion the results of this study indicate that following an acute ingestion of a weight loss supplement containing anhydrous caffeine, synephrine, tetradecylthioacetic acid, yerba mate extract, methylphenylethylamine, yohimbine, and hordenine leads to a significant increase in energy expenditure in young, healthy individuals. In addition, ingestion of this supplement stimulates elevations in heart rate and blood pressure for three hours, while increasing feelings of tension and confusion. Individuals who have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease need to be aware of the significant cardiovascular effects resulting from use of this supplement. Additional research is warranted concerning the long-term effects of consumption of this supplement, and whether such supplementation can translate into weight loss or improved body composition. Hoffman JR, Faigenbaum AD, Ratamess NA, Ross R, Kang J, Tenenbaum G: Nutritional Supplementation and Anabolic Steroid Use in Adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Bell A, Dorsch KD, McCreary DR, Hovey R: A look at nutritional supplement use in adolescents. J Adolesc Health. Article PubMed Google Scholar. Dodge TL, Jaccard JJ: The effect of high school sports participation on the use of performance-enhancing substances in young adulthood. Pittler MH, Ernst E: Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Haller CA, Jacob P, Benowitz NL: Enhanced stimulant and metabolic effects of ephedrine and caffeine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. Hoffman JR, Kang J, Ratamess NA, Jennings PF, Mangine G, Faigenbaum AD: Thermogenic Effect from Nutritionally Enriched Coffee Consumption. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. Article PubMed Central PubMed Google Scholar. Acheson KJ, Zahorska-Markiewicz B, Pittet PH, Anantharaman K, Jéquier E: Caffeine and coffee: their influence on metabolic rate and substrate utilization in normal and obese individuals. Dulloo AG, Geisler CA, Horton T, Collins A, Miller DS: Normal caffeine consumption: Influence on thermogenesis and daily energy expenditure in lean and postobese human volunteers. Dulloo AG, Duret C, Rohrer D, Girardier L, Mensi N, Fathi M, Chantre P, Vandermander J: Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. Roberts AT, de Jonge-Levitan L, Parker CC, Greenway FL: The effect of an herbal supplement containing black tea and caffeine on metabolic parameters in humans. Altern Med Rev. PubMed Google Scholar. Fugh-Berman A, Myers A: Citrus aurantium, an ingredient of dietary supplements marketed for weight loss: Current status of clinical and basic research. Exp Biol Med Maywood. CAS Google Scholar. Carpene C, Galitzky J, Fontana E, Atgie C, Lafontan M, Berlan M: Selective activation of beta3-adrenoreceptors by octopamine: comparative studies in mammalian fat cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. Haller CA, Benowitz NL, Jacob P: Hemodynamic effects of ephedra-free weight-loss supplements in humans. Am J Med. Andersen T, Fogh J: Weight loss and delayed gastric emptying following a South American herbal preparation in overweight patients. J Hum Nutr Diet. Barwell CJ, Basma AN, Lafi MA, Leake LD: Deamination of hordenine by monoamine oxidase and its action on vasa deferentia of the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol. Galitzky J, Taouis M, Berlan M, Riviere D, Garrigues M, Lafontan M: Alpha 2-antagonist compounds and lipid mobilization: evidence for a lipid mobilizing effect of oral yohimbine in healthy male volunteers. Eur J Clin Invest. Grimsby J, Toth M, Chen K, Kumazawa T, Klaidman L, Adams JD, Karoum F, Gal J, Shih JC: Increased stress response and β-phenylethylamine in MAOB-deficient mice. Nat Genetics. Sabelli H, Fink P, Fawcett J, Tom C: Sustained antidepressant effect of PEA replacement. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. Sabelli H, Borison RL, Diamond BI, Havdala HS, Narasimhachari N: Phenylethylamine and brain function. Biochem Pharmacol. McNair DM, Lorr M, Droppleman LF: Profile of Mood States Manual. Google Scholar. Greenway FL, de Jonge L, Blanchard D, Frisard M, Smith SR: Effect of a dietary herbal supplement containing caffeine and ephedra on weight, metabolic rate, and body composition. Obes Res. Slezak T, Francis PS, Anastos N, Barnett NW: Determination of synephrine in weight-loss products using high performance liquid chromatography with acidic potassium permanganate chemiluminescence detection. Analy Chem Acta. Article CAS Google Scholar. Frank M, Weckman TJ, Wood T, Woods WE, Tai CL, Chang SL, Ewing A, Blake JW, Tobin T: Hordenine: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects in the horse. Equine Vet J. Vukovich MD, Schoorman R, Heilman C, Jacob P, Benowitz NL: Caffeine-herbal ephedra combination increases resting energy expenditure, heart rate and blood pressure. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. Brown CM, McGrath JC, Midgley JM, Muir AG, O'Brien JW, Thonoor CM, Williams CM, Wilson VG: Activities of octopamine and synephrine stereoisomers on alpha-adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol. Article PubMed Central CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Lafontan M, Berlan M, Galitzky J, Montastruc JL: Alpha-2 adrenoceptors in lipolysis: alpha 2 antagonists and lipid-mobilizing strategies. Berlan M, Le Verge R, Galitzky J, Le Corre P: α 2 -adrenoceptor antagonist potencies of two hydroxylated metabolites of yohimbine. Pang J, Choi Y, Park T: Ilex paraguariensis extract ameliorates obesity induced by high-fat diet: Potential role of AMPK in the visceral adipose tissue. Arch Biochem Biophys. Heck CI, de Mejia EG: Yerba Mate Tea Ilex paraguariensis : a comprehensive review on chemistry, health implications, and technological considerations. J Food Sci. Article Google Scholar. Vaagenes H, Madsen L, Dyroy E, Elhom M, Stray-Pedersen A, Froyland L, Lie O, Berge RK: Methylated eicosapentaenoic acid and tetradecylthioacetic acid: effects on fatty acid metabolism. Nakamura M, Ishii A, Nakahara D: Characterization of β-phenylethylamine-induced monamine release in rat nucleus accumbens: a microdialysis study. Eur J Pharmacol. Dourish CT, Boulton AA: The effects of acute and chronic administration of beta-phenylethylamine on food intake and body weight in rats. Prog Neuropschopharmacol. Paterson IA, Juorio AV, Boulton AA: 2-phenylethylamine: a modulator of catecholamine transmission in the mammalian central nervous system?. J Neurochem. Download references. Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey, PO Box , Ewing, New Jersey, , USA. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Jay R Hoffman. A complete guide to B vitamins, types, sources, and more. Some research has suggested that eating spices such as chili, which contains capsaicin, can increase metabolic rate, including the rate at which the body burns fat and uses energy. A study from China found that people who ate spicy food every day were more likely to have a high body mass index BMI than those who did not. The researchers noted that more investigations are needed to find out why this happens. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics says that while eating hot chilies might boost metabolic rate temporarily, it is unlikely to have a significant impact. What are some healthy herbs and spices? Thyroid hormone stimulates the production of substances that increase oxygen consumption, respiration rate, and body temperature. This involves a higher rate of energy consumption. Conversely, the body of a person with hypothyroidism is likely to burn energy at lower rate. Their metabolic rate may be slower, and they may have a higher risk of weight gain and obesity. For those with hypothyroidism, taking medications that increase the levels of thyroid hormone can increase their resting metabolic rate. Seeking help for hypothyroidism can help speed up metabolic rate and reduce the risk of complications linked to this condition. What is hypothyroidism and how can you recognize it? Metabolic rate refers to the rate at which the body uses energy and burns calories. The body uses most of its energy this way. Metabolic rates vary widely between individuals, so it is not possible to specify a standard or high metabolic rate. However, the higher the rate, the quicker a person will use the energy they take in from food, which may reduce the chance of weight gain. It is not always possible for a person to change their metabolic rate, but exercise and dietary measures may help. A good metabolic rate may help with weight management. But for those seeking to lose weight, it is better to focus on eating a varied diet with plenty of whole foods and being physically active. While some foods, such as spices, may help boost rates temporarily, they are not a long term solution. It is always best to speak with a doctor before adjusting the diet or making changes to an exercise routine. Metabolism is the process the body uses to break down food and nutrients for energy, as well as to support different body functions. What people eat…. Metabolism involves biochemical reactions in the body and is central to maintaining life. What are the myths and facts of metabolism? Can you speed…. The Everlywell Metabolism Test measures the levels of cortisol, thyroid stimulating hormone, and free testosterone in the body. Learn what the results…. Recent evidence suggests that a plant-based diet can aid weight loss by improving metabolism and reducing the amount of fat that accumulates around…. Researchers say bariatric surgery can help with weight loss, but it can also help improve cognitive functions including memory. My podcast changed me Can 'biological race' explain disparities in health? Why Parkinson's research is zooming in on the gut Tools General Health Drugs A-Z Health Hubs Health Tools Find a Doctor BMI Calculators and Charts Blood Pressure Chart: Ranges and Guide Breast Cancer: Self-Examination Guide Sleep Calculator Quizzes RA Myths vs Facts Type 2 Diabetes: Managing Blood Sugar Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction Connect About Medical News Today Who We Are Our Editorial Process Content Integrity Conscious Language Newsletters Sign Up Follow Us. Medical News Today. Health Conditions Health Products Discover Tools Connect. How to increase your metabolism. Medically reviewed by Adam Bernstein, MD, ScD — By Rachel Nall, MSN, CRNA — Updated on December 9, Eat at regular times. Eat enough calories. Eat more protein. Drink green tea. Do resistance training. Drink enough water. Reduce stress. Get enough sleep. Get enough vitamins. Spice up your meals. Seek treatment for hypothyroidism. Frequently asked questions. How we reviewed this article: Sources. Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Share this article. Latest news Ovarian tissue freezing may help delay, and even prevent menopause. RSV vaccine errors in babies, pregnant people: Should you be worried? Scientists discover biological mechanism of hearing loss caused by loud noise — and find a way to prevent it. How gastric bypass surgery can help with type 2 diabetes remission. Atlantic diet may help prevent metabolic syndrome. Related Coverage. Vitamins and minerals that boost metabolism. Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph. Myths and facts about metabolism. |
| What Are Thermogenics and How Effective Are They? – BSc | Haller CA, Benowitz NL, Jacob P: Hemodynamic effects of ephedra-free weight-loss supplements in humans. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4. Those statements usually come from misunderstanding and misuse of these fat burner supplements. Acheson KJ, Gremaud G, Meirim I, Montigon F, Krebs Y, Fay LB, et al. Subjects who were pregnant, smokers or taking regular medication except birth control pills were excluded from the study. |
Thermogenic metabolism enhancement -
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Am J Med. Andersen T, Fogh J: Weight loss and delayed gastric emptying following a South American herbal preparation in overweight patients. J Hum Nutr Diet. Barwell CJ, Basma AN, Lafi MA, Leake LD: Deamination of hordenine by monoamine oxidase and its action on vasa deferentia of the rat.
J Pharm Pharmacol. Galitzky J, Taouis M, Berlan M, Riviere D, Garrigues M, Lafontan M: Alpha 2-antagonist compounds and lipid mobilization: evidence for a lipid mobilizing effect of oral yohimbine in healthy male volunteers. Eur J Clin Invest. Grimsby J, Toth M, Chen K, Kumazawa T, Klaidman L, Adams JD, Karoum F, Gal J, Shih JC: Increased stress response and β-phenylethylamine in MAOB-deficient mice.
Nat Genetics. Sabelli H, Fink P, Fawcett J, Tom C: Sustained antidepressant effect of PEA replacement. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. Sabelli H, Borison RL, Diamond BI, Havdala HS, Narasimhachari N: Phenylethylamine and brain function. Biochem Pharmacol. McNair DM, Lorr M, Droppleman LF: Profile of Mood States Manual.
Google Scholar. Greenway FL, de Jonge L, Blanchard D, Frisard M, Smith SR: Effect of a dietary herbal supplement containing caffeine and ephedra on weight, metabolic rate, and body composition. Obes Res. Slezak T, Francis PS, Anastos N, Barnett NW: Determination of synephrine in weight-loss products using high performance liquid chromatography with acidic potassium permanganate chemiluminescence detection.
Analy Chem Acta. Article CAS Google Scholar. Frank M, Weckman TJ, Wood T, Woods WE, Tai CL, Chang SL, Ewing A, Blake JW, Tobin T: Hordenine: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects in the horse.
Equine Vet J. Vukovich MD, Schoorman R, Heilman C, Jacob P, Benowitz NL: Caffeine-herbal ephedra combination increases resting energy expenditure, heart rate and blood pressure. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. Brown CM, McGrath JC, Midgley JM, Muir AG, O'Brien JW, Thonoor CM, Williams CM, Wilson VG: Activities of octopamine and synephrine stereoisomers on alpha-adrenoceptors.
Br J Pharmacol. Article PubMed Central CAS PubMed Google Scholar. Lafontan M, Berlan M, Galitzky J, Montastruc JL: Alpha-2 adrenoceptors in lipolysis: alpha 2 antagonists and lipid-mobilizing strategies. Berlan M, Le Verge R, Galitzky J, Le Corre P: α 2 -adrenoceptor antagonist potencies of two hydroxylated metabolites of yohimbine.
Pang J, Choi Y, Park T: Ilex paraguariensis extract ameliorates obesity induced by high-fat diet: Potential role of AMPK in the visceral adipose tissue. Arch Biochem Biophys.
Heck CI, de Mejia EG: Yerba Mate Tea Ilex paraguariensis : a comprehensive review on chemistry, health implications, and technological considerations. J Food Sci. Article Google Scholar.
Vaagenes H, Madsen L, Dyroy E, Elhom M, Stray-Pedersen A, Froyland L, Lie O, Berge RK: Methylated eicosapentaenoic acid and tetradecylthioacetic acid: effects on fatty acid metabolism.
Nakamura M, Ishii A, Nakahara D: Characterization of β-phenylethylamine-induced monamine release in rat nucleus accumbens: a microdialysis study.
Eur J Pharmacol. Dourish CT, Boulton AA: The effects of acute and chronic administration of beta-phenylethylamine on food intake and body weight in rats.
Prog Neuropschopharmacol. Paterson IA, Juorio AV, Boulton AA: 2-phenylethylamine: a modulator of catecholamine transmission in the mammalian central nervous system?. J Neurochem. Download references. Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey, PO Box , Ewing, New Jersey, , USA.
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Jay R Hoffman. Vital Pharmaceuticals. Davie, FL provided funding for this project.
All researchers involved independently collected, analyzed, and interpreted the results from this study and have no financial interests concerning the outcome of this investigation. Publication of these findings should not be viewed as endorsement by the investigator, The College of New Jersey or the editorial board of the Journal of International Society of Sports Nutrition.
SCR, and CPT were co-authors, assisting with data collection and data analysis. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd.
Reprints and permissions. Hoffman, J. et al. Thermogenic effect of an acute ingestion of a weight loss supplement. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 6 , 1 Download citation. Received : 04 November Accepted : 06 January Published : 06 January Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:.
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Download ePub. Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of a weight loss supplement on resting oxygen uptake VO 2 , respiratory quotient RQ , caloric expenditure kcal , heart rate HR , and blood pressure BP in healthy and physically active individuals.
Methods Ten subjects 5 male, 5 female; Results Area under the curve analysis revealed a significant Conclusion Results indicate a significant increase in energy expenditure in young, healthy individuals following an acute ingestion of a weight loss supplement.
Methods Subjects Ten subjects 5 male, 5 female; Study design The study followed a double-blind, crossover design. Questionnaires The profile of mood states POMS was administered seven times during each testing session. Supplement On each visit subjects ingested either 3 capsules of Meltdown ® SUP or a placebo PL.
Statistical analyses Statistical analysis of the data was accomplished using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Figure 1. Full size image. Table 1 Average hourly cardiovascular and energy expenditure measures Full size table.
Figure 2. Figure 3. Average 3-Hour Fat Utilization. Figure 4. Discussion The results of this study indicate that a weight loss supplement containing anhydrous caffeine, synephrine, tetradecylthioacetic acid, yerba mate extract, methylphenylethylamine, yohimbine, and hordenine is effective in increasing acute energy expenditure in young, healthy individuals.
References Hoffman JR, Faigenbaum AD, Ratamess NA, Ross R, Kang J, Tenenbaum G: Nutritional Supplementation and Anabolic Steroid Use in Adolescents. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Bell A, Dorsch KD, McCreary DR, Hovey R: A look at nutritional supplement use in adolescents.
Article PubMed Google Scholar Dodge TL, Jaccard JJ: The effect of high school sports participation on the use of performance-enhancing substances in young adulthood.
Article PubMed Google Scholar Pittler MH, Ernst E: Dietary supplements for body-weight reduction: a systematic review. CAS PubMed Google Scholar Haller CA, Jacob P, Benowitz NL: Enhanced stimulant and metabolic effects of ephedrine and caffeine.
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How we reviewed this article: Sources. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references.
You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Sep 29, Written By Susan York Morris. Jul 27, Medically Reviewed By Peggy Pletcher, MS, RD, LD, CDE.
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Metabolims supplements are Thermogenlc as an easy way to burn Meal planning for blood sugar control. While there is evidence that Hunger and food sovereignty can reduce appetite and Thermogenic metabolism enhancement metabolism and fat burning, the effects are relatively small. Thwrmogenic supplements contain nehancement ingredients designed to boost your metabolism and increase fat burning. Some of the most popular thermogenic supplements include caffeine, green tea, capsaicin and other plant extracts. This article reviews the most popular thermogenic supplements, their effectiveness, safety and side effects. When your body burns calories, it generates more heat, so supplements that boost metabolism or fat burning are considered thermogenic. Manufacturers claim that these supplements will help you lose weight or burn more body fat, but the veracity of this claim is hotly debated. Journal Nutritional recommendations for young athletes the Protein-rich foods for athletes Society ketabolism Sports Nutrition enhancemment 6Article number: 1 Cite this article. Metrics details. The purpose of this study was Thermogenlc examine the acute effects Meal planning for blood sugar control a Anthocyanins and liver detoxification loss supplement on resting metabolsm uptake VO 2respiratory quotient RQcaloric Meal planning for blood sugar control kcalheart rate HRand blood pressure BP in healthy and physically active individuals. Ten subjects 5 male, 5 female; During each session, subjects reported to the Human Performance Laboratory after at least 3-h post-absorptive state and were provided either 3 capsules of the weight loss supplement SUPcommercially marketed as Meltdown ® or 3 capsules of a placebo P. Subjects then rested in a semi-recumbent position for three hours. VO 2 and HR were determined every 5 min during the first 30 min and every 10 min during the next min.
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