They also called for further studies in humans, in order to fully understand the effects of ginger on nausea and other gastrointestinal issues. Here, learn which foods can help relieve nausea. Many people use ginger to help recover from a cold or the flu.

However, the evidence supporting this use is mostly anecdotal. In an older study from , researchers investigated the effects of fresh and dried ginger on one respiratory virus in human cells. The results suggest that fresh ginger may help protect the respiratory system, while dried ginger did not have the same impact.

A large cross-sectional study from suggested that daily ginger consumption may support the immune system. This may protect against chronic disease and support recovery from other illnesses, such as the common cold or flu. A small study on the effects of ginger extract on smokers and nonsmokers found that daily consumption of ginger extract was associated with a stronger antibody response in nonsmokers.

Which foods and drinks can help ease a sore throat? However, the authors noted that the studies in their meta-analysis were small and may not represent the general population.

Meanwhile, a review of 16 clinical trials determined that the phytochemical properties in ginger may combat inflammation.

These authors also called for further research into the most effective dosages and types of ginger extract. What is the anti-inflammatory diet?

Ginger may ease pain through anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of its gingerol compounds. A review concluded that ginger may specifically help reduce dysmenorrhea — pain right before or during a period.

However, the authors acknowledge that the studies they had reviewed were often small or of poor quality. Fully exploring a connection between ginger consumption and pain relief will require more research. Can any foods affect pain from gout?

Learn more here. A study of 4, people found that daily ginger consumption may protect against coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia , cerebrovascular disease , and fatty liver disease , among other chronic conditions.

The authors concluded that ginger may have potential as a preventive therapy. Determining whether ginger may support treatment for those with cardiovascular disease will require further research.

Meanwhile, a small study found that ginger extract helped reduce the occurrence of heart abnormalities in rats with diabetes. The authors noted that this reduction may stem, in part, from the antioxidant properties of the extract.

Ginger does not provide protein or other nutrients, but it is an excellent source of antioxidants. Research has shown that, for this reason, ginger can reduce various types of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can happen when too many free radicals build up in the body.

Free radicals are toxic substances produced by metabolism and other factors. When they build up in the body, free radicals can cause cellular damage, which can lead to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, heart attack, chronic inflammation, and cancer.

Dietary antioxidants can help the body get rid of free radicals. A review suggests that ginger may be effective against certain cancers of the gastrointestinal system, including colorectal cancer , gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and liver cancer. The review concludes that ginger may inhibit the growth of cancer cells in certain types of cancer or contribute to the death of cancer cells in other types.

Which other foods provide antioxidants? Ginger is a good source of antioxidants, but it does not provide many vitamins , minerals, or calories.

As the Department of Agriculture notes, 2 teaspoons of ginger provide only 4 calories and no significant amount of any nutrient. Most of the research on ginger has looked at dosages of between milligrams mg and 1 g, taken between one and four times each day. The Food and Drug Administration FDA considers ginger root to be generally safe with an approved daily intake recommendation of up to 4 g.

Does ginger water have any benefits? The FDA considers ginger to be safe in the diet, but it does not guarantee or regulate its use as a medicine or supplement. Researchers have not investigated many of the compounds in ginger.

Before adding more ginger to the diet or taking a ginger supplement, consult a healthcare professional. Some supplements can interact with medications or cause other health complications.

Ginger supplements and other ginger products are available for purchase online. Some research indicates that ginger may improve digestive health, reduce inflammation, and relieve pain, among other benefits.

However, studies often test very high dosages of extracts. A person may not experience positive health effects from simply adding more ginger to their diet. Also, studies investigating the health benefits of ginger have often been small or inconclusive. Fully understanding the effects and safety of ginger supplements will require more research.

A meta-analysis has shown ginger to be a safe way to manage nausea during pregnancy. It does not appear to increase the risk of pregnancy loss or symptoms such as heartburn or fatigue.

Aim to take less than 1, mg of ginger extract per day. Ginger is also available as a tea or as chewy or hard candies. Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts.

All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice. A look at ginger for diarrhea, a remedy that has been used for a long time.

Included is detail on how much ginger is too much, as how much to eat a…. Drinking ginger tea may have positive effects for a person's health. Learn more about the potential benefits and side effects of drinking ginger tea….

Evidence suggests that sauerkraut may provide various health benefits, including supporting gut health. While guarana does contain more caffeine than coffee, both have potential benefits when consumed in moderation. Learn more. My podcast changed me Can 'biological race' explain disparities in health?

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A significant decrease in tumor size was noticed in tumor-bearing mice treated orally with the lemon and ginger combination compared with the negative control that showed tumor growth increased by Table 3. Effect of lemon and ginger combination water extract on tumor size and cure percentage.

The lemon and ginger combination recorded a percentage in tumor reduction of On the other hand, treated mice showed normal activity with no side effects.

Figure 7. A plot of change in average tumor size mm 3 vs. Figure 8. Combination therapy resulted in a high cure percentage and small tumors size. There were 10 mice in each group. Herbs are viewed to be of high value to the health of individuals and communities in general.

The medicinal benefit of plants lies in some chemical substances which have specific physiological effects on the human body No previous studies have examined the antiproliferation activity of the lemon and ginger combination water extract on the aforementioned cell lines.

However, many studies have investigated the antiproliferation activity of each extract against selected cell lines. Lemon has shown the presence of different indolofuroquinoxaline derivatives, which exhibited antiproliferative activity against leukemia and human breast cancer cells.

On the other hand, there was no significant activity against the normal cell line Meanwhile, ginger has been reported to have a cytotoxic effect against human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB The ability of ginger to inhibit cell growth was due to the presence of [6]-gingerol as it hindered the activity of matrix metalloproteinases MMP -2 and MMP-9 in the human breast cancer cells The lemon and ginger combination water extract revealed synergic effect in reducing cancer cells proliferation in vitro.

This finding is compatible with a previous study, which reported the ability of lemon and garlic water extract to induce apoptosis and prevent carcinoma development BR35A,. However, the potent anticancer response of the lemon and ginger combination water extract was observed to be mediated by diverse anticancer mechanisms, which may be explained by the existence of various phytochemicals compounds.

The observed proliferation inhibition in the cells treated with the lemon and ginger combination water extract is basically because of the impact of different antiproliferation factors. The cytotoxic potential of alpha-pinene was examined in two different human cell lines human ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3 and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells Bel Also, it was studied against the human histiocytic lymphoma U cell line Furthermore, a previous study confirmed that alpha-pinene has an antiproliferation effect through provoking oxidative stress and associated signaling cascade against human lung cancer A and human liver cancer HepG2 These previous findings are consistent with this study.

On the other hand, α-pinene was found to have no antiproliferation activity against melanoma cells in vitro This may be justified by the fact that solid tumors have different responses to phytochemicals as α-pinene.

Other highly concentrated compounds in the combination extract are alpha-terpineol 7. Alpha-terpineol has demonstrated antioxidant ability against peroxyl radicals and has been shown to have a cytostatic impact against six human cancerous cell lines from five diverse histologic and embryonic origins breast, lung, prostate, ovarian, and leukemia Furthermore, terpinenol was found in the combination extract to a significant degree.

It caused necrotic cell death coupled with less activity of apoptosis process in both murine malignant mesothelioma cell line AE17 and murine B16 melanoma cells. The inhibitory impact of terpinenol is achieved through the elicitation of the G1 cell cycle arrest Further analysis of the lemon and ginger combination water extract revealed the presence of geraniol, citral, δ-elemene, camphene, and borneol in notable percentages and the previously reported activity of these components confirms the results of this study.

Based on a previous study, the growth of prostate cancer cells was inhibited by the effect of geraniol compound on inducing the apoptosis and autophagy process Citral prevents the proliferation of breast cancer cells MDA MB cells in vitro , mainly through the initiation of apoptosis, antimetastasis, and antiangiogenesis potentials In colorectal adenocarcinoma DLD-1 , the antiproliferative activity of δ-elemene was implemented by the activation of mitochondrial caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways On the other hand, camphene exhibited anticancer activity in melanoma cells both in vitro and in vivo.

It can disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential and enhances the caspase-3 effect In a previous study, borneol NB improved the absorption of selenocysteine; as a result, it increased his apoptotic activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Also, they reduced tumor growth by provoking ROS-mediated DNA damage In the current study, the potential inhibition of cancer cell growth by lemon and ginger combination may due to the effects of the nine major compounds previously mentioned and to the other active minor components.

To gain further in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms of action of the combination extract under study, the lemon and ginger combination was further tested for its ability to inhibit angiogenesis. The VEGF is a potent signal protein that stimulates angiogenesis. VEGF upregulation is a well-known mechanism in many types of tumors and the inhibition of this pathway is an interesting target in cancer prevention and therapy In our study, the lemon and ginger combination showed a strong ability to suppress the MDA-MB human breast cancer angiogenesis.

Further examination showed that the lemon and ginger combination water extract had a potent anticancer effect in vitro. The combination has potent apoptosis induction activity and potent VEGF inhibition in the MDA-MB cell line.

In MDA-MB cells, nuclear factor kappa B NF-κB is involved in the upregulation of VEGF mRNA then increases the angiogenesis The activations of NF-κB were attenuated utilizing α-pinene treatment In HeLa cells, alpha-terpineol repressed TNF-α and NF-kB translocation into the cell nucleus.

Repression of NF-kB activation can result in the decrease of cyclin D expression, an essential protein in the induction of the G phase of the cell cycle Meanwhile, geraniol is a strong agent with antiangiogenic properties These results are inconsistent with the findings of this study.

Another mechanism responsible for the observed anticancer activity is apoptosis programmed cell death induction. In cancer, this process is inoperative, due to the upregulation of antiapoptotic genes and the downregulation of apoptotic genes; therefore, cells continue dividing and proliferating One of the targeted pathways in cancer treatment is the activation of apoptosis.

In our study, the lemon and ginger combination herbal drink was found to have the ability to induce apoptosis in the MDA-MB cell line 4. Both hesperidin flavonoid 54 , and eriocitrin flavonoid 55 in lemon cause apoptosis induction and inhibit the human hepatocellular carcinoma.

The high antiproliferative activity of lemon has been explained in previous studies, which have shown that the methanol extract of lemon has anticancer activity toward MCF-7 breast cancer cells via Bax-related caspase-3 activation.

Alpha-pinene, which is found in high percentages in the lemon and ginger combination, was also capable of inducing apoptosis, as evidenced by the rise in caspase-3 activity Moreover, geraniol has the most dominant apoptosis-inducing activity among terpenoids against shoot primordia of Matricaria chamomilla ; it causes DNA fragmentation in the cells.

The activity of geraniol is concentration- and time-dependent The immune system is a sophisticated defense system in vertebrates, having the role of protecting them from numerous types of foreign infectious agents that they encounter during their lifetimes.

It uses a variety of cells, tissues, and organs and is capable of recognizing and eliminating invasions There has been a growing interest in identifying and characterizing natural compounds with immunomodulatory activities.

Three immune assays have been conducted, namely, lymphocytes proliferation, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis assays. Lymphocytes proliferation assay was conducted three times: splenic lymphocytes with extract alone, splenic lymphocytes with extract and Con A, and splenic lymphocytes with extract and LPS, for lemon and ginger combination water extract.

The volatile oil of ginger exhibited significant suppression of the mitogen-stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation in mice 60 , which agrees with our result.

While citrus peels had a mitogenic response to con A In addition to that, both lemon citrus and ginger stimulate innate immunity 61 , These previous studies conflicted with our results may be due to the antagonistic effect of the combination on the activity of both lemon and ginger.

For pinocytic activity, the potent pinocytic activity was the lemon and ginger combination. Various groups of phytochemicals are found in the lemon and ginger combination water extract.

This could explain the activation of a specific anticancer response, such as immune enhancement It is worth mentioning that a -pinene exhibited anti-Leishmania activity via macrophage stimulation with minimum cytotoxicity Citral influences cytokines production by activation of murine macrophages through the prevention of the transcription factor NF-κB In the cell-based assay, terpinenol was able to modulate apoptosis and immune system activity in a way that reduced the cell growth of melanoma cells In agreement with these previous studies, the results of this study showed that the lemon and ginger extract possesses strong antiproliferation and pinocytosis activity.

This study results showed a significant reduction in tumor sizes in all treated mice. On the other hand, no previous study has examined the in vivo tumor-prevention activity of lemon and ginger combination water extract.

Besides cancer chemotherapy strategies, using dietary agents such as fruits and vegetables help the prevention of tumor growth. Extracts derived from fruits and vegetables are demonstrated to have antiproliferative effects It is extensively acknowledged that chemopreventive agents, as lifestyle and dietary habits, have more superior potential in the long term than chemotherapeutic agents, especially in prostate cancer growth and progression In vivo , the lemon and ginger combination water extract induced a significant decrease in percentage change in tumor size, a high percentage of mice with no detectable tumor, and low average tumor weight g Table 2.

A cohort study confirms that the daily consumption of citrus fruits is associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer In vivo , alpha-pinene pretreatment reduced the production of the pancreatic tumor necrosis factor, interleukin IL -1beta, and IL-6 during the induction of acute pancreatitis by cerulean There is an interaction between the work of lemon and ginger combination resulted in antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.

Furthermore, the anticancer activity could be explained by the stimulation of apoptosis and pinocytosis and reduction of VEGF expression. Lemon and ginger herbal combination is a healthy drink with anticancer and immunomodulatory health benefits.

Its anticancer effect is mediated by apoptosis induction and angiogenesis inhibition. The immunomodulatory effect is mediated through the activation of the innate immune system. The health benefits of this herbal drink are mainly due to the presence of biologically active phytochemicals in ginger and lemon.

Further studies are needed to have a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of the herbal drink. The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.

The animal study was reviewed and approved by Institutional Research Board at Applied Science Private University. The project idea was developed by WT.

IA-A performed the sample collections and ran the laboratory experiments. Both authors developed the experimental design, analyzed the data, and wrote and revised the manuscript.

We are grateful to the Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan for the full financial support granted to this research project.

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers.

Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A.

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I have a tot morning and evening. This site hosts Apothecary, Herb Fairies, the Herbal Remedy Kit videos, Herbal Cold Care and Taste of Herbs. Ginger seemingly has it all! Ginger to the rescue! Relieving Pain Aside from boosting your immune system with ginger, you can also use ginger to relieve pain.

Fresh vs. Dried When working with ginger to boost your immune system, it matters whether you choose fresh or dried! Ginger has so many gifts —and so many fun ways to prepare it! Here are some of my favorite ways to work with ginger for upper respiratory infections. Fresh Ginger Tea This classic and simple recipe is probably my most reached for ginger tea.

No need to peel it first, but if you really want to peel it, try using a spoon to gently scrape away that outer layer.

Put the ginger, lemon, and honey in a cup or jar. Fill the cup or jar with just-boiled water. Cover and let steep for 15 minutes. Strain only if desired. Enjoy warm. Dried Ginger Tea This warming tea is perfect for when you feel cold and want to warm up.

Bring to a boil. Reduce the heat to a simmer and then cover and continue to simmer for 10 minutes. Remove from heat and strain. Add desired amount of honey or other sweetener of choice. Ginger-Infused Honey Fresh ginger honey is a great way to soothe a sore throat and boost your immune system!

Fill the jar with honey. Stir well. Add more honey if necessary. The honey will taste like ginger in as little as 2 to 3 days.

You can strain the ginger if desired, or keep it in the honey and eat both the ginger and honey. Ginger Miso Soup A simple broth soup is a comfort during the colder months of the year. Bring to a simmer, cover, and continue to simmer on low for 10 minutes. Strain off the broth. Let the broth cool slightly, then add your desired amount of miso.

Serve warm in a mug or as a simple soup. Download the Recipe Card Print out and save this recipe. About The Author. Explore more herbs with Rosalee at her website , Herbs with Rosalee, where you can get her free course, How to Choose the Best Herb For You.

All content and photos in this article are copyright © Rosalee de la Forêt. Wow, this sounds delicious! Thanks for sharing! How can you prevent hearburn if ginger causes it? Hi There! Thanks for sharing your recipe, Nancy! I love ginger and lemon tea with honey!

I like to make pine needle tea with a few slices of fresh ginger in it. Sounds delicious, Jan! love ginger, have it with most things, such a lovely flavour. Thanks for the great tip, Suzy!

Join the LearningHerbs community for free recipes, remedies, webinars and more…. Ginger intake suppresses neutrophil extracellular trap formation in autoimmune mice and healthy humans.

JCI Insight. doi: This article is a rework of a press release issued by the University of Colorado. Material has been edited for length and content.

I Understand. News Published: September 25, Alexander Beadle. Alexander Beadle is a science writer and editor for Technology Networks. Prior to this, he worked as a freelance science writer. Alexander holds an MChem in materials chemistry from the University of St Andrews, where he won a Chemistry Purdie Scholarship and conducted research into zeolite crystal growth mechanisms and the action of single-molecule transistors.

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