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The Rise Of Glucose Monitoring Among Non-DiabeticsWearable glucose monitor -
But while the method is similar, applying this tech to blood glucose is much more complicated. Klonoff also serves as president of the Diabetes Technology Society, editor-in-chief of the Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology , and has followed noninvasive glucose monitoring tech for the past 25 years.
When it comes to glucose, it turns out size matters. That small signal makes it difficult to isolate glucose from other similarly structured chemicals in the body.
Movano made waves for developing a women-first smart ring at CES , but the company has also developed a chip that may potentially be able to measure blood pressure and blood glucose using radio frequencies.
External and environmental factors like stray light, movement, and poor skin contact with the sensor can also throw off noninvasive measurements. Plus, infrared light is essentially a form of heat.
Climate change triggers a massive heatwave, and your HVAC breaks down. One workaround is to collect more data by using multiple wavelengths of light — as in, adding more sensors that emit different types of infrared light.
But stuffing in more sensors comes with its own set of issues. You need a more powerful algorithm to crunch the extra numbers.
And if you add too many wavelengths, you risk adding more bulk to a device. There are sensors small and power efficient enough to fit into a smartwatch, but taking frequent, continuous measurements will still drain the battery.
For example, many wearables that support nighttime SpO2 tracking will warn you that it may dramatically lessen battery life once the feature is enabled. It has to do that plus track activities, power an always-on display, measure a host of other health metrics, fetch texts and notifications, and send data over cellular or Wi-Fi — all this without resorting to adding a bigger battery so the device can be comfortable enough to wear to sleep for truly continuous monitoring.
Optical sensors may not be as accurate for people with darker skin and tattoos. Another potential issue: optical sensors may not be as accurate for people with darker skin and tattoos.
Take pulse oximeters, which use red and infrared light to measure blood oxygen. An FDA panel recently called for greater regulation of these devices because they were less accurate for people with darker skin. Noninvasive blood glucose monitors may not have as big of a problem here, as infrared light is better at handling melanin and ink than visible light.
Despite all of these challenges, technology has evolved to the point where many of these are solvable issues. AI is more powerful, so building algorithms that can handle the complexities of noninvasive glucose monitoring is easier than it used to be.
Chips and other components keep getting smaller and more powerful. Companies like Movano are actively exploring alternatives to optical sensors. But technology is only one part of the equation.
But the stakes for blood glucose levels are much higher. An incorrect reading or false alarm could lead a Type 1 diabetic to administer the wrong dosage of insulin, which could result in life-threatening consequences.
For that reason, any smartwatch touting blood glucose monitoring features would have to go through the FDA. Device makers have to conduct rigorous testing and clinical trials for accuracy, safety, and efficacy.
As frustrating as this is for companies, this level of rigor is a good thing and protects us, the consumers. When Apple introduced FDA-cleared EKGs on the Apple Watch Series 4, the purpose was to flag irregular heart rate rhythms and suggest you see a doctor to assess your risk of atrial fibrillation.
It was never intended to help you manage a condition or inform treatment. Other companies like Fitbit, Samsung, and Garmin do the same for their EKG and AFib detection features.
These kinds of screening features may not sound quite as revolutionary, but they create a win-win scenario for researchers, companies, and consumers alike. In this case, the CDC says 96 million American adults have prediabetes, while Type 2 makes up 90 to 95 percent of diagnosed diabetes cases.
Plus, all the data gathered from noninvasive monitoring could lead to new insights for researchers and consumers. Sounds an awful lot like how smartwatches detect irregular heart rate rhythms before advising users to seek an official diagnosis from a doctor.
While Big Tech likes to disrupt and break things, medicine does not. It took nearly two decades for CGMs to be deemed accurate enough for use as a primary real-time blood sugar monitor. Neither Klonoff nor Mastrototaro felt confident enough to give any predictions as to when we might see noninvasive blood glucose monitoring on a smartwatch you can actually buy.
The milestone Bloomberg referred to was Apple purportedly developing an iPhone-size prototype, dramatically reducing the size of the device that previously had to rest on a table.
This is all speculation, but if it were true, Apple has a lot of work left to do. First, Apple would need to shrink down this prototype to fit in the Apple Watch.
Peter Senior, director of the Alberta Diabetes Institute. Diabetics use CGM readings to guide their decisions on when to take insulin, eat or change their physical activity level.
The question is, what's the benefit of continuous glucose monitoring for everyone else — if, in fact, there is one. Senior said while it's understood what diabetes looks like, there's not a lot of data to tell us what normal is.
He also suggested that healthy people could check their glucose levels from time to time instead of continuously. Dietitian Abby Langer of Toronto said people should question the clinical relevance of all these metrics. If the goal of owning a glucose monitor is to stave off diabetes, Langer said there are more direct ways to achieve that.
Amina Zafar covers medical sciences and health topics, including infectious diseases, for CBC News. She holds an undergraduate degree in environmental science and a master's in journalism. Wearable technology trend now includes healthy people tracking their blood glucose.
Is it worth it? CBC News Loaded. Health Wearable technology trend now includes healthy people tracking their blood glucose. Technology originally designed to help people with diabetes manage their blood sugar levels has joined the wearables trend.
Amina Zafar , Christine Birak · CBC News · Posted: Dec 29, AM EST Last Updated: December 29, Social Sharing.
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