Body composition and chronic illnesses -
Your muscle mass can play an important role in your health as well , which is why looking at your body composition instead of your weight or BMI alone can be beneficial. Another study on Korean adults found that participants with higher muscle and lower fat body compositions had significantly lower insulin resistance than those with low muscle and low fat levels.
So in order to manage your insulin resistance, you may need to focus on both your body fat and your muscle mass — or in other words, focus on body recomposition.
Another important way that your body composition can affect your risk of chronic conditions is through inflammation. Inflammation is a normal response that your immune system conducts to keep you healthy. When it detects an unfamiliar and potentially dangerous invader like a bacteria or virus, your immune system increases blood flow to the infection site.
Unfortunately, under certain conditions, inflammation can also become chronic. Chronic inflammation is linked to a wide array of serious health issues, including diabetes, heart disease, inflammatory arthritis cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, and metabolic syndrome.
A high body weight tends to be one of the most prevalent risk factors talked about when it comes to inflammatory diseases, but another promising method for lowering inflammation is through managing your body composition. Researchers have found that this phenomenon may have more to do with their body composition than their weight alone.
Having more muscle mass seems to offer more protection than fat tissue , which is linked to higher inflammation as well as other chronic disease risk factors, such as insulin resistance and higher cholesterol levels. There is some evidence that fat tissue, especially the visceral fat tissue found deep in your abdomen, can be inflammatory.
In fact, the state of obesity itself is considered chronic low-grade inflammation , since it is associated with several inflammatory markers , likely due to excess fat tissue. In addition to metabolic and cancer-related chronic illnesses, your body composition can also play a role in other chronic conditions.
For example, inflammation is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD , a chronic inflammatory lung disease that can block your airways and make it hard to breathe. Researchers have found that low muscle mass is linked with systemic inflammation.
Ultimately, having a lower body fat mass and a higher muscle mass may protect you from chronic inflammation , which can give you better protection from a huge array of chronic conditions. Did you know that your body composition can heavily influence your heart health, through its effects on your cholesterol levels and blood pressure?
Cholesterols are fatty substances that are produced in your liver and travel through your bloodstream. They perform various roles in your body, like helping you to digest fat-soluble vitamins and building important hormones.
There are several kinds of cholesterol. Two of the most important are low-density lipoproteins LDL and high-density lipoproteins HDL. When someone has high cholesterol levels especially high levels of LDL and lower levels of HDL , cholesterol may adhere to the sides of your arteries and develop into plaque.
This plaque can then harden , making it more difficult for your heart to pump blood to all the places it needs to be delivered to. Eventually, this can contribute to high blood pressure hypertension , which increases your risk of cardiac events like heart attacks and strokes, ultimately affecting your heart health for the worse.
Your body composition may play a major role in how cholesterol impacts you. Research has found that obesity can actually change the way that your body metabolizes fats , which is linked to its promotion of insulin resistance.
This can cause your body to produce more LDL and less HDL, contributing to issues with your heart health. However, you can lower your risk or reduce the severity of your current heart issues by improving your body composition.
For example, a study on older adults found that reductions in fat mass of approximately 1 kg predicted a reduction in triglyceride levels , which are another type of fat that can be found in your bloodstream and fat tissue. Similarly, the study also found that gaining lean muscle mass led to improved triglyceride levels.
Because your muscle tissue and bone mass are so closely interlinked, increasing your muscle mass can protect your bones, which is great for reducing your risk of chronic bone conditions like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.
This link between your bone health and muscle mass seems to start in childhood, with studies finding that the body composition of children and adolescents significantly influences their development of bone mineral density early in life, and that higher body fat percentages seem to negatively affect bone acquisition.
This finding may be especially relevant to older adults, as your bone density tends to decrease as you get older.
Finally, improving your body composition may also do a world of good for your mental health! In addition to physical health issues, mental illnesses like depression are among some of the most prevalent chronic conditions. This may in part be due to an association between higher-risk body composition metrics and lower physical activity levels.
For example, a study found that less physical activity, higher body fat mass, and lower muscle mass all were associated with stronger depression severity. There may also be a link between behavior and the gut microbiome , or the microbes that live in your gut, since they play a variety of roles in your body, including regulating your moods and behavior via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
In the same vein, some researchers believe that improving your gut microbiome diversity can influence factors that play a role in your body composition, such as insulin sensitivity!
However, more research needs to be done to determine the exact links between body composition, the gut microbiome, and mental health. While there are several factors that can contribute to your risk for chronic conditions, such as genetics and age, one proactive way that you can manage your risk is to improve your body composition, by focusing on gaining lean muscle mass and reducing your body fat.
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Hit enter to search or ESC to close. Close Search. Body Composition Health InBody Blog Medical 5 Ways That Improving Your Body Composition Can Decrease Your Risk for Chronic Conditions By InBody USA May 2, No Comments. However, these methods are not always readily available, and they are either expensive or need to be conducted by highly trained personnel.
Furthermore, many of these methods can be difficult to standardize across observers or machines, complicating comparisons across studies and time periods. BMI is calculated the same way for both adults and children. The calculation is based on the following formulas:. With the metric system, the formula for BMI is weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
Because height is commonly measured in centimeters, divide height in centimeters by to obtain height in meters. Calculate BMI by dividing weight in pounds lbs by height in inches in squared and multiplying by a conversion factor of For adults 20 years old and older, BMI is interpreted using standard weight status categories.
These categories are the same for men and women of all body types and ages. BMI is interpreted differently for children and teens, even though it is calculated using the same formula as adult BMI. The CDC BMI-for-age growth charts take into account these differences and visually show BMI as a percentile ranking.
These percentiles were determined using representative data of the US population of 2- to year-olds that was collected in various surveys from to Obesity among 2- to year-olds is defined as a BMI at or above the 95 th percentile of children of the same age and sex in this to reference population.
For example, a year-old boy of average height 56 inches who weighs pounds would have a BMI of For more information and to access the CDC Growth Charts. For adults, the interpretation of BMI does not depend on sex or age. Read more about interpreting adult BMI. The correlation between the BMI and body fatness is fairly strong 1,2,3,7 , but even if two people have the same BMI, their level of body fatness may differ The accuracy of BMI as an indicator of body fatness also appears to be higher in persons with higher levels of BMI and body fatness While, a person with a very high BMI e.
According to the BMI weight status categories, anyone with a BMI between 25 and However, athletes may have a high BMI because of increased muscularity rather than increased body fatness. In general, a person who has a high BMI is likely to have body fatness and would be considered to be overweight or obese, but this may not apply to athletes.
People who have obesity are at increased risk for many diseases and health conditions, including the following: 10, 17, For more information about these and other health problems associated with obesity, visit Health Effects.
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Vital Health Stat. Beyond body mass index. Measures of body composition in blacks and whites: a comparative review. High adiposity and high body mass index-for-age in US children and adolescents overall and by race-ethnic group.
Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet , , pp. doi: Epub Aug Inflammation- sensitive plasma proteins are associated with future weight gain.
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