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How Long Does the Microbiome Recover After Antibiotics? - Dr. Will Bulsiewicz - The Proof Clips #271Probiotics for wound healing -
Lactobacillus casei oral supplementation is effective in episiotomy wound healing with no significant impact on pain relief. It is recommended to evaluate the effect of topical use of Lactobacillus casei on episiotomy repair and pain in further studies.
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Basic Clin Neurosci. Download references. The present study is a research project approved by Tabriz University of Medical sciences. The cooperation of the Research Deputy and the officials and staff of Tabriz University of Medical sciences, as well as all women who participated in the study, is gratefully acknowledged.
This study was done with the budget of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The funding agency had no role in the study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data and writing of the manuscript.
Student Research Committee, Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. RN and AH conceptualized and designed the study. DA performed the intervention. EM contributed to data collection and data management.
SH contributed to data analysis and drafting the tables. DA and RN drafted and revised the manuscript, and all authors contributed to its content and approved its submission. Correspondence to Roghaiyeh Nourizadeh.
The study complies with the World Medical Association Helsinki Declaration regarding the ethical conduct of research involving human subjects and the study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences with the code of IR.
Informed written consent was obtained from each participant. The principles of anonymity and confidentiality were applied and the results of the request were presented to the participants. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4. Reprints and permissions. Abdollahpour, D. et al. The effect of probiotic supplementation on episiotomy wound healing among primiparous women: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial.
BMC Complement Med Ther 23 , Download citation. Received : 05 January Accepted : 27 April Published : 05 May Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Download PDF. Abstract Background Probiotics increase the defense power of immune system and accelerate the wound healing process by anti-inflammatory mechanisms at the wound site.
Methods This triple-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 74 primiparous women delivered in Alzahra Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Results The mean standard deviation: SD score of wound healing in the probiotic group altered from 4. Conclusion Lactobacillus casei oral supplementation is effective in healing episiotomy wounds.
Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT : IRCTN7. Introduction Episiotomy means making surgical incision in the perineal muscles during the second stage of labor for widening the pelvic outlet and increasing the speed of fetal head exit.
Method Study design and participants This triple-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 74 women delivered in Alzahra Hospital, Tabriz.
Sample size The sample size was calculated based on the wound healing variable in the study of Mohammadi et al. Sampling After registering the study on the website of the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT IRCTN7 and receiving a referral letter, the researcher first author introduce herself to the hospital officials and attended the delivery ward.
Intervention The probiotic group received Lactobacillus casei with 1. Data Collection Tools The data were collected using demographic and obstetric profile, REEDA, VAS and side events checklist.
The REEDA scale consists of the following five domains and each of which is scored from 0 to 3: Redness 0 is considered for no redness, 1 for redness at a distance of 0. Edema 0 is regarded for no edema, 1 for less than 1 cm from the perineal incision area, 2 for 2 cm from the perineal incision area, and 3 for more than 2 cm from the perineal incision area.
Ecchymosis 0 for no ecchymosis, 1 for within 0. Discharge 0 for no discharge, 1 for serous, 2 for purulent serous, and 3 for bloody- purulent discharge. Data analysis The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and data normality was assessed using Shapiro-wilk test.
Results Participants entered the study from July to January Hemolytic property of Lp The image is a representative of two independent experiments performed in triplicates. The treatment of A cells with different concentrations 6.
FIGURE 3. Representative microscopic images of the wound area in A epithelial cells in scratch assay after 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h incubation.
Images were taken using a trinocular microscope having an in-built camera. Analysis was done using ImageJ software. FIGURE 4. Data are representative of two independent experiments performed in triplicates and expressed as mean ± SE.
Percent viability of A cells after treatment with Lp and H 2 O 2 is presented in Figure 5. Furthermore, 24 h pretreatment of cells with Lp 3. Mice treated with negative control and gel containing Lp did not display any abnormal irritation even after 72 h of application, whereas mice treated with SLS exhibits severe dermal reactions such as erythema and edema at the site of application Figure 6.
FIGURE 6. Representative images of the skin irritation assay using Lp at 72 h: A positive control, SLS treated, B negative control, CMC gel, and C treated with gel containing Lp Histopathological examination of wound tissues on day 7 Figure 9 showed an enhanced proliferation of fibroblasts, vascularization, re-epithelization, collagen deposition, and the granulation of tissue in betadine- and Lp gel—treated groups as compared to the vehicle-treated group.
These results were corroborated by histopathological examination of the tissues, on day The wound healing was incomplete in vehicle-treated mice, while in the betadine- and Lp gel—treated groups of mice, the tissue was completely healed and appears to be histologically normal.
FIGURE 7. Full-thickness excision wounds were created in mice. FIGURE 8. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. FIGURE 9. Representative histological images of wounds of various groups on day 1 A and day 7 B—D.
Fibroblasts black , vascularization red , re-epithelization yellow , collagen deposition arrow head , and granulation of tissue double-sided arrow.
The efficacy of Lp gel on the excision wound in the mice infected with S. aureus was evaluated. The rate of wound healing activity was better in betadine- and Lp gel—treated infected wounds than in the untreated infected wounds as observed on day 7 Figure The vehicle-treated infected wound tissues depict persistent inflammatory changes with the infiltration of inflammatory cells, mainly neutrophils, granulation of connective tissue in the wound area with numerous loops of blood vessels, fibroblast proliferation, and poor re-epithelization Figure 12A.
However, betadine- and Lp gel—treated infected wound tissues depict re-epithelization of tissues with a reduced infiltration of leukocytes, increased fibroblastic activity, collagenation, and granulation of tissues Figures 12B,C.
FIGURE Full-thickness excision wounds were created in mice and infected with S. Effect of topical treatment of Lp gel on different groups: A on wound area infected with S. aureus and B percent wound contraction at different days post-wounding. aureus infection. As shown in Figures 13A—D , the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 were elevated in the initial phase of wound healing but declined on day On the contrary, higher levels of IL were observed during the later phase of wound recovery.
aureus infection was not statistically significant between the experimental groups on the respective day of the study. Cytokine levels in the serum sample of mice. A,B IL-6 levels in the excision wound and the wound infected with S.
C,D IL levels in the excision wound and the wound infected with S. Data are representative of two independent experiments performed in duplicates and expressed as mean ± SE.
In the present study, we assessed the antibacterial, hemolytic, antioxidant, and the wound healing properties of Lp in A cells and excision wounds with and without S.
aureus infection model in mice. Previous studies have reported the probiotic potential Huang et al. plantarum MTCC Sreevani and Kumari The mechanisms behind the antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus strains are likely due to the production of antimicrobial compounds, resistance and competition for nutrients with other pathogenic bacteria, reduction of bacterial attachment to the mucosa, and modulation of the host immune system Maria Tufail ; Giani et al.
The cutaneous wound healing activity of various Lactobacillus species has been previously reported in animal studies Tsiouris and Tsiouri Another group demonstrated that the topical application of live L. reuteri DSM and its lysate induced anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 Khmaladze et al.
The antimicrobial and in vivo wound healing potential of the probiotic VITSAMJ1 in rats has been studied previously Sinha et al. Similar outcomes were observed in the burn wounds, where topical application of Lpb. plantarum could promote the wound healing Satish et al.
Probiotics such as Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and Lpb. plantarum significantly enhanced the production of IL-6 in the presence of IL-1 β , an inflammatory cytokine in enterocytes Caco2 cells , intermediated through hsp70 and hsp27 heat shock proteins Reilly et al.
Our findings Figures 7 — 12 are consistent with the recent work by Khodaii and coworkers, where the wound healing activity was considerably promoted by the administration of L. reuteri extract by day 15 post-wounding Khodaii et al.
In another study, Limosilactobacillus fermentum enhanced the wound healing by promoting the production of anti-inflammatory and anti-pathogenic factors Brandi et al. Ashoori et al.
reuteri and L. fermentum supernatant-loaded chitosan nanogel Ashoori et al. The metabolites of probiotics increased proteoglycan deposition, angiogenesis, reduced inflammation, and stimulated different growth factors Matsumoto et al. The histopathological examination of wound tissues in the present study Figure 9 and Figure 12 revealed angiogenesis and the recruitment of PMNL at the site of injury.
These results are consistent with the earlier findings where a subcutaneous injection of LS into the mouse caused a continuous influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes PMNL and macrophages in the wound area, and stimulated the inflammatory phase of the tissue repair Halper et al.
Histological changes were characterized by the infiltration of polynuclear neutrophils and dilatation of blood vessels along with a significant decrease in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 β , IL-6, TNF-α, IL, and IL, while an increase in the levels of IL was observed in Ligilactobacillus salivarius LA—treated mice Holowacz et al.
Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lpb. plantarum accelerated wound healing by decreasing IL1 β and TNF α , and upregulating IL expression in diabetic Wistar rats Mohtashami et al.
The probiotic strains have been consistently reported to modulate the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, and upregulate the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL Karamese et al. Also, increase in angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, matrix remodeling, and repair are corroborated to increase in IL and as such help in the regenerative process Steen et al.
The findings of our wound healing study provide evidence that the topical application of Lp to infected and uninfected wounds demonstrated rapid healing via enhanced angiogenesis, proliferation of fibroblasts, re-epithelization, and recruitment of PMNL.
Another key finding of our study is that IL-6 level was elevated in the initial phase of wound healing followed by a decline by day On the contrary, higher level of IL was observed during the later phase of wound healing.
The findings thus underscore the importance of cell-free supernatant of probiotic bacteria, Lpb. plantarum in treating both normal and S. aureus —infected wounds. All authors reviewed and approved the article. This work was supported and funded by the Haryana State Council for Science, Innovation and Technology, Government of Haryana, India Grant No.
AD and PP acknowledge the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research CSIR , Government of India and SS to Indian Council of Medical Research ICMR , Government of India, for their fellowships. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors, and the reviewers.
Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. The authors acknowledge consistent support from faculty and staff of IMTECH, and wish to thank Pradip Sen and Pawan Gupta for critically reading the manuscript.
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Fat-fueled energy is Pobiotics intricate relationship between Probioticw skin health and gut healong, and both are equally influenced using probiotics. In recent years, Hydration for sports events and competitions is growing fir suggesting the role of probiotics in metabolism, immunomodulation, wound healing, Probioticss Probiotics for wound healing Pgobiotics and Probioics Probiotics for wound healing. Both the skin and gut are Probiotics for wound healing different Proobiotics share some common physiological features. The gut and skin interact mainly through this microbiota and the metabolites secreted by them that interfere with a cascade of biological pathways regulating metabolism, immunity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuroendocrine function. Understanding the mechanism of action by which gut influences skin health inside-out is essential to define the cross talk between the two compartments. Probiotics can be exploited as modern therapeutics or as an adjuvant to classical therapies in the management of a variety of human diseases. However, limited data is available on the clinical potential of oral and topical probiotics in the treatment of skin- and gut-associated diseases. Lactiplantibacillus Probiitics MTCC Seamless Recharge Experience a well-characterized probiotic strain and is reported ror possess many health benefits. However, foor Probiotics for wound healing healing potential fot this probiotic is yet to be explored. Here, we have assessed the antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing activities of cell-free supernatant of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC Lp Lp exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against the indicator bacteria in the agar well diffusion assay. Lp did not show any hemolytic activity.
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