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DRINK ONE PER DAY for Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)Ginseng for blood pressure -
No significant effect of ginseng on SBP, DBP and MAP was found. Ginseng appears to have neutral vascular affects; therefore, should not be discouraged for concern of increased BP. More high-quality, randomized, controlled trials assessing BP as a primary end point, and use of standardized ginseng root or extracts are warranted to limit evidence of heterogeneity in ginseng research and to better understand its cardiovascular health potential.
Abstract Pre-clinical evidence indicates the potential for ginseng to reduce cardiovascular disease risk and acutely aid in blood pressure BP control. Publication types Meta-Analysis Review Systematic Review. Our results also showed that individuals consuming red ginseng exhibited a greater decrease in palmitic amide at 12 weeks than those receiving the placebo.
Palmitic amide is a primary fatty acid amide derived from palmitic acid; however, the mechanism by which palmitic amide is produced and degraded in biological systems is unknown.
The relatively small sample size used in this study may not be large enough to detect all red ginseng intake-associated metabolic changes. To support our data more accurately, a large-scale further study using several doses of red ginseng is required. This further study may also prove the dose-dependent effect of red ginseng.
Despite these limitations, our approach using UPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS-based metabolomics and multivariate data analysis revealed a greater increase in dihydrobiopterin and greater reduction in palmitic amide and lysoPCs containing C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C and C in individuals consuming red ginseng for 12 weeks compared with those receiving the placebo.
Our study provides evidence for a beneficial role of red ginseng supplementation against prehypertension-related increases in specific metabolites, especially lysoPCs and palmitic amide.
The decreased lysoPC levels and Lp-PLA 2 activity and increased dihydrobiopterin level may provide valuable clues regarding the mechanism underlying decreased BP with red ginseng supplementation that did not significantly alter classic lipid measures.
In conclusion, we suggest that the BP-lowering effect of Korean red ginseng may be partly associated with reductions in circulating Lp-PLA 2 activity and lysoPC levels and an increase in dihydrobiopterin level in nonobese, nondiabetic, prehypertensive subjects.
These results imply the potential usefulness of lysoPC levels as biomarkers of hypertension and for evaluating the effects of therapies on BP. Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lin JK, Singh GM, Paciorek CJ, Cowan MJ, Farzadfar F, Stevens GA, Lim SS, Riley LM, Ezzati M ; Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group Blood Pressure.
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Rg3-enriched Korean red ginseng improves vascular function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Ginseng Res ; 38 : — Rhee MY, Kim YS, Bae JH, Nah DY, Kim YK, Lee MM, Kim HY. Effect of Korean red ginseng on arterial stiffness in subjects with hypertension. J Altern Complement Med ; 17 : 45— Rhee MY, Cho B, Kim KI, Kim J, Kim MK, Lee EK, Kim HJ, Kim CH.
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Increased levels of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol associated with hemorheological abnormalities in untreated, early-stage essential hypertensives.
Hypertens Res ; 37 : — Download references. We thank the research volunteers who participated in the studies and the technical assistants of the Yonsei Center for Research Facilities for assistance with LC-MS LTQ Orbitrap micro-LC analyses.
Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar.
Correspondence to Jong Ho Lee. Reprints and permissions. Cha, T. et al. Blood pressure-lowering effect of Korean red ginseng associated with decreased circulating Lp-PLA 2 activity and lysophosphatidylcholines and increased dihydrobiopterin level in prehypertensive subjects. Hypertens Res 39 , — Download citation.
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Subjects Clinical pharmacology Hypertension Natural products. Abstract We evaluated the effects of red ginseng consumption on blood pressure BP and the fasting plasma metabolome. Caffeine-free hawk tea lowers cholesterol by reducing free cholesterol uptake and the production of very-low-density lipoprotein Article Open access 08 May Plasma Metabolic Signature of Atherosclerosis Progression and Colchicine Treatment in Rabbits Article Open access 27 April Anthocyanin supplementation at different doses improves cholesterol efflux capacity in subjects with dyslipidemia—a randomized controlled trial Article 21 April Introduction Although hypertension is a known risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 the mechanisms underlying this relationship are unclear.
Methods Study subjects Prehypertensive individuals between 20 and 70 years of age were recruited by public advertisements from November to February Assessment of food intake and physical activity Typical food intake was assessed by the h recall method that consists of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.
Serum lipid, fasting glucose and insulin levels Fasting levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured using commercially available kits and a Hitachi autoanalyzer Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and Lp-PLA 2 activity Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was measured with an ADVIA Clinical Chemistry System Siemens, Tarrytown, NY, USA using a commercially available, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein-Latex II X2 kit Denka Seiken, Tokyo, Japan.
Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v. Results Effects of week consumption of red ginseng on clinical and biochemical characteristics Table 1 shows the general and biochemical characteristics of subjects receiving red ginseng or placebo for 12 weeks.
Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics of subjects receiving red ginseng or placebo at baseline and week follow-up Full size table.
Figure 1. Full size image. Figure 2. Table 2 Plasma metabolites at baseline and week follow-up in subjects consuming red ginseng or placebo Full size table. Figure 3. Discussion Approximately substances including ginsenosides, ginsenosides, polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, peptides, amino acids and phenol compounds exist in Korean ginseng.
Similar content being viewed by others. References Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lin JK, Singh GM, Paciorek CJ, Cowan MJ, Farzadfar F, Stevens GA, Lim SS, Riley LM, Ezzati M ; Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group Blood Pressure. Google Scholar Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Adams RJ, Berry JD, Brown TM, Carnethon MR, Dai S, de Simone G, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Greenlund KJ, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Ho PM, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, McDermott MM, Meigs JB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Rosamond WD, Sorlie PD, Stafford RS, Turan TN, Turner MB, Wong ND, Wylie-Rosett J.
Google Scholar Su TC, Jeng JS, Chien KL, Sung FC, Hsu HC, Lee YT. Google Scholar Glasser SP, Khodneva Y, Lackland DT, Prineas R, Safford MM. Google Scholar Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, Roccella EJ ; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee.
Google Scholar Kim JY, Park JY, Kang HJ, Kim OY, Lee JH.
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