Automated glucose monitoring -
A third type of CGM collects data about your blood glucose level for your doctor to download and review later. Doctors provide this type of CGM to check on your diabetes care, and you wear it for a limited time.
For some CGM models, you may need to do a finger-stick test with a standard blood glucose monitor to calibrate the system and make sure the CGM readings are correct. Many CGMs work with apps that have special features, such as. For safety, it is important to act quickly if a CGM alarm sounds when your glucose level is too low or too high.
You should get help or follow your treatment plan to bring your glucose level into a healthy range. The CGM will create an alert and might display a graphic that shows whether your glucose level is rising or dropping—and how quickly—so you can choose the best way to reach your target range.
Over time, keeping your glucose levels in the healthy range can help you stay well and prevent diabetes complications. The people who benefit the most from a CGM are those who use it every day or nearly every day. Researchers are working to make CGMs more accurate and easier to use.
However, you may experience some issues while using a CGM. For safety, you may sometimes need to compare your CGM glucose readings with a finger-stick test and a standard blood glucose meter.
This could be needed if you doubt the accuracy of your CGM readings, if you are changing your insulin dose, or if your CGM gives a warning alert. You might have to replace parts of your CGM over time. Disposable CGM sensors should be replaced every 7 to 14 days, depending on the model.
Some implantable sensors can last up to days. You may have to replace the transmitters of some CGMs. You may also need to reconnect the CGM, transmitter, and receiver or smartphone if your CGM is not working correctly. Skin redness or irritation from the sticky patches used to attach the sensor may occur for some people.
A CGM costs more than using a standard glucose meter, but it may be covered by your health insurance. You might be able to get financial help for diabetes care from your health insurance or other resources. Check with your health insurance plan or Medicare to see if the costs will be covered. An artificial pancreas , also called an automated insulin delivery system AID , mimics how a healthy pancreas controls blood glucose in the body.
A CGM, an insulin pump, and a software program that shares information between the CGM and insulin pump make up the artificial pancreas. The CGM estimates glucose levels and wirelessly sends the information to a software program on a smartphone or insulin pump.
The program calculates how much insulin your body needs, and the insulin pump delivers the insulin when glucose levels rise higher than your target range. On the other hand, if your glucose levels fall lower than your target range, the artificial pancreas can lower or stop the amount of insulin given by the insulin pump.
The artificial pancreas is mainly used to help people with type 1 diabetes keep their glucose levels in their target range. NIDDK has a long-standing commitment to funding research to better understand diabetes and improve the lives of people with the disease. NIDDK-funded research helped scientists learn that glucose levels in the fluid between cells could be used to estimate blood glucose levels.
NIDDK also supported the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, which showed that people with diabetes could use blood glucose monitors at home to closely control their blood glucose levels and reduce their risk of health problems. NIDDK conducts and supports clinical trials for many diseases and conditions, including diabetes.
Trials look for new ways to prevent, detect, or treat disease and improve quality of life. Clinical trials—and other types of clinical studies —are part of medical research and involve people like you.
When you volunteer to take part in a clinical study, you help doctors and researchers learn more about disease and improve health care for people in the future. Researchers are studying many aspects of CGMs, such as how CGMs could be made more sensitive, reliable, and comfortable to wear.
Researchers are also studying how they might be used to manage different types of diabetes or other medical conditions. Find out if clinical studies are right for you. Watch a video of NIDDK Director Dr.
Griffin P. Rodgers explaining the importance of participating in clinical trials. You can view a filtered list of clinical studies that use CGMs and are federally funded, open, and recruiting at www. You can expand or narrow the list to include clinical studies from industry, universities, and individuals; however, the National Institutes of Health does not review these studies and cannot ensure they are safe.
You can see your glucose levels on your receiver at any time. Some types can send results to an insulin pump , so you can see your glucose levels on your pump.
With flash, you need to scan the sensor with the reader or with your phone to see the results. There are several different types of CGM. The only type of flash monitor available is the Abbott FreeStyle Libre 2. The original Abbott FreeStyle Libre has been discontinued. Some types of CGM have optional alarms to alert you if your blood glucose levels go too low or too high.
The Abbott FreeStyle Libre 2 also has an alarm. You generally need to replace a sensor every 7 to 14 days, depending on the type of monitor you have.
Interstitial fluid glucose readings are a few minutes behind your blood glucose levels. This means you'll still need to do finger-prick checks every now and then, particularly when you drive or have a hypo. To get the best out of CGM or flash, you'll need to look at the information it gives you with your team.
CGM or flash glucose monitoring should be available on the NHS to anyone with type 1 diabetes.
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