Metformin and diabetes -
The pharmacology, efficacy, contraindications, and side effects of metformin for the treatment of diabetes will be reviewed here. A general discussion of initial treatment of type 2 diabetes and the role of metformin in the prevention of diabetes, in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome, and in gestational diabetes are reviewed separately.
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Metformin in the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Formulary drug information for this topic. No drug references linked in this topic. Find in topic Formulary Print Share. View in. Language Chinese English.
Author: Deborah J Wexler, MD, MSc Section Editor: David M Nathan, MD Deputy Editor: Katya Rubinow, MD Literature review current through: Jan But they fell out of favor due to serious side effects caused by phenformin, and by the discovery of insulin.
Metformin was rediscovered decades later and approved as a treatment for diabetes in Europe in the s.
It wasn't until that the FDA approved it for use in the US. It has since become the most widely prescribed medication for people with diabetes who cannot control their blood sugar through diet and exercise alone. For decades we've known that metformin does more than just help lower blood sugar in people with diabetes.
It also offers them cardiovascular benefits , including lower rates of death due to cardiovascular disease. And it sometimes helps people with diabetes lose excess weight.
Metformin may also have health benefits for people who don't have diabetes. Doctors have long prescribed it off-label — that is, to treat conditions outside its approved use, including:.
Because the vast majority of research regarding metformin included only people with diabetes or prediabetes, it's unclear whether these potential benefits are limited to people with those conditions, or whether people without diabetes may derive benefit as well.
The safety profile for metformin is quite good. Side effects include nausea, stomach upset, or diarrhea; these tend to be mild. More serious side effects are rare. They include severe allergic reactions and a condition called lactic acidosis , a buildup of lactic acid in the bloodstream. The risk for this is higher among people with significant kidney disease, so doctors tend to avoid prescribing metformin for them.
Metformin is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, according to current diabetes guidelines.
Official websites use. gov A. gov website belongs to an Mstformin Organic diet pills organization in the United States. gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Metformin may rarely cause a serious, life-threatening condition called lactic acidosis.
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